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Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Clinical students are at increased risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. However, little has been documented about their exposure to blood and body fluids and their knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in high-HIV burden settings, such as Nigeria. OBJECTIVE: To determine the...

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Autores principales: Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z, Amole, Taiwo G, Galadanci, Hadiza S, Abdullahi, Shahida S, Iliyasu, Zubairu, Aliyu, Muktar H
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7740050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098404
http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2094
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author Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z
Amole, Taiwo G
Galadanci, Hadiza S
Abdullahi, Shahida S
Iliyasu, Zubairu
Aliyu, Muktar H
author_facet Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z
Amole, Taiwo G
Galadanci, Hadiza S
Abdullahi, Shahida S
Iliyasu, Zubairu
Aliyu, Muktar H
author_sort Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Clinical students are at increased risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. However, little has been documented about their exposure to blood and body fluids and their knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in high-HIV burden settings, such as Nigeria. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and predictors of BBF exposure and knowledge about PEP among medical and allied health students in northern Nigeria. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 273 clinical students were asked to complete structured questionnaires. The prevalence of BBF exposure was determined. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of BBF exposure. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents (98.2%) had heard about PEP; 26.0% (n=71) had adequate knowledge about PEP. 76 (27.8%) of the 273 respondents reported accidental exposure to HIV. 230 (84.2%) respondents had positive attitude toward HIV PEP. Of those who had had accidental exposure to HIV (n=76), only 13% (n=10) received PEP. The level of knowledge about PEP was predicted by previous training (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.80 ["no" vs "yes"]), year of training (aOR 4.10, 95% CI 1.60 to 10.47 [6(th) vs 4(th) year]), course of study (aOR 4.69, 95% CI 2.06 to 10.68 ["allied health" vs "clinical medicine"]) and religion (aOR 5.39, 95% CI 1.40 to 20.71 ["non-Muslim" vs "Muslim"]). Similarly, accidental exposure was independently predicted by respondents’ sex (aOR 2.55, 95% CI1.36 to 4.75 ["female" vs "male"]), age (aOR 2.54, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.15 ["25–29" vs "20–24" years]), ethnicity (aOR 2.15, 95% CI1.10 to 5.14 ["others" vs "Hausa/Fulani"]), course of study (aOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.38 ["allied health" vs "clinical medicine"]), and previous PEP training (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.78 ["no" vs "yes"]). CONCLUSION: One in four clinical students reported exposure to BBF. Most students expressed a positive attitude toward PEP, but knowledge and uptake of PEP was sub-optimal. We recommend strengthening training curricula for infection control and prevention and enhancing protocols for timely post-exposure evaluation and follow up for all exposure incidents.
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spelling pubmed-77400502020-12-18 Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z Amole, Taiwo G Galadanci, Hadiza S Abdullahi, Shahida S Iliyasu, Zubairu Aliyu, Muktar H Int J Occup Environ Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Clinical students are at increased risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens. However, little has been documented about their exposure to blood and body fluids and their knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in high-HIV burden settings, such as Nigeria. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and predictors of BBF exposure and knowledge about PEP among medical and allied health students in northern Nigeria. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 273 clinical students were asked to complete structured questionnaires. The prevalence of BBF exposure was determined. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictors of BBF exposure. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents (98.2%) had heard about PEP; 26.0% (n=71) had adequate knowledge about PEP. 76 (27.8%) of the 273 respondents reported accidental exposure to HIV. 230 (84.2%) respondents had positive attitude toward HIV PEP. Of those who had had accidental exposure to HIV (n=76), only 13% (n=10) received PEP. The level of knowledge about PEP was predicted by previous training (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.80 ["no" vs "yes"]), year of training (aOR 4.10, 95% CI 1.60 to 10.47 [6(th) vs 4(th) year]), course of study (aOR 4.69, 95% CI 2.06 to 10.68 ["allied health" vs "clinical medicine"]) and religion (aOR 5.39, 95% CI 1.40 to 20.71 ["non-Muslim" vs "Muslim"]). Similarly, accidental exposure was independently predicted by respondents’ sex (aOR 2.55, 95% CI1.36 to 4.75 ["female" vs "male"]), age (aOR 2.54, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.15 ["25–29" vs "20–24" years]), ethnicity (aOR 2.15, 95% CI1.10 to 5.14 ["others" vs "Hausa/Fulani"]), course of study (aOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.38 ["allied health" vs "clinical medicine"]), and previous PEP training (aOR 0.39, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.78 ["no" vs "yes"]). CONCLUSION: One in four clinical students reported exposure to BBF. Most students expressed a positive attitude toward PEP, but knowledge and uptake of PEP was sub-optimal. We recommend strengthening training curricula for infection control and prevention and enhancing protocols for timely post-exposure evaluation and follow up for all exposure incidents. Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization 2020-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7740050/ /pubmed/33098404 http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2094 Text en This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Iliyasu, Bilkisu Z
Amole, Taiwo G
Galadanci, Hadiza S
Abdullahi, Shahida S
Iliyasu, Zubairu
Aliyu, Muktar H
Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria
title Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria
title_full Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria
title_fullStr Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria
title_short Occupational Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids and Knowledge of HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis among Medical and Allied Health Students in Northern Nigeria
title_sort occupational exposure to blood and body fluids and knowledge of hiv post-exposure prophylaxis among medical and allied health students in northern nigeria
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7740050/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098404
http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijoem.2020.2094
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