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Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
Calculating the sample size in scientific studies is one of the critical issues as regards the scientific contribution of the study. The sample size critically affects the hypothesis and the study design, and there is no straightforward way of calculating the effective sample size for reaching an ac...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7745163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33380887 http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.010502 |
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author | Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran Cihan, Murat Yücel, Doğan Serdar, Muhittin A |
author_facet | Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran Cihan, Murat Yücel, Doğan Serdar, Muhittin A |
author_sort | Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran |
collection | PubMed |
description | Calculating the sample size in scientific studies is one of the critical issues as regards the scientific contribution of the study. The sample size critically affects the hypothesis and the study design, and there is no straightforward way of calculating the effective sample size for reaching an accurate conclusion. Use of a statistically incorrect sample size may lead to inadequate results in both clinical and laboratory studies as well as resulting in time loss, cost, and ethical problems. This review holds two main aims. The first aim is to explain the importance of sample size and its relationship to effect size (ES) and statistical significance. The second aim is to assist researchers planning to perform sample size estimations by suggesting and elucidating available alternative software, guidelines and references that will serve different scientific purposes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7745163 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77451632020-12-29 Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran Cihan, Murat Yücel, Doğan Serdar, Muhittin A Biochem Med (Zagreb) Review Calculating the sample size in scientific studies is one of the critical issues as regards the scientific contribution of the study. The sample size critically affects the hypothesis and the study design, and there is no straightforward way of calculating the effective sample size for reaching an accurate conclusion. Use of a statistically incorrect sample size may lead to inadequate results in both clinical and laboratory studies as well as resulting in time loss, cost, and ethical problems. This review holds two main aims. The first aim is to explain the importance of sample size and its relationship to effect size (ES) and statistical significance. The second aim is to assist researchers planning to perform sample size estimations by suggesting and elucidating available alternative software, guidelines and references that will serve different scientific purposes. Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine 2020-12-15 2021-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7745163/ /pubmed/33380887 http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.010502 Text en Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran Cihan, Murat Yücel, Doğan Serdar, Muhittin A Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
title | Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
title_full | Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
title_fullStr | Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
title_short | Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
title_sort | sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7745163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33380887 http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.010502 |
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