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Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies

Calculating the sample size in scientific studies is one of the critical issues as regards the scientific contribution of the study. The sample size critically affects the hypothesis and the study design, and there is no straightforward way of calculating the effective sample size for reaching an ac...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran, Cihan, Murat, Yücel, Doğan, Serdar, Muhittin A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7745163/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33380887
http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.010502
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author Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran
Cihan, Murat
Yücel, Doğan
Serdar, Muhittin A
author_facet Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran
Cihan, Murat
Yücel, Doğan
Serdar, Muhittin A
author_sort Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran
collection PubMed
description Calculating the sample size in scientific studies is one of the critical issues as regards the scientific contribution of the study. The sample size critically affects the hypothesis and the study design, and there is no straightforward way of calculating the effective sample size for reaching an accurate conclusion. Use of a statistically incorrect sample size may lead to inadequate results in both clinical and laboratory studies as well as resulting in time loss, cost, and ethical problems. This review holds two main aims. The first aim is to explain the importance of sample size and its relationship to effect size (ES) and statistical significance. The second aim is to assist researchers planning to perform sample size estimations by suggesting and elucidating available alternative software, guidelines and references that will serve different scientific purposes.
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spelling pubmed-77451632020-12-29 Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran Cihan, Murat Yücel, Doğan Serdar, Muhittin A Biochem Med (Zagreb) Review Calculating the sample size in scientific studies is one of the critical issues as regards the scientific contribution of the study. The sample size critically affects the hypothesis and the study design, and there is no straightforward way of calculating the effective sample size for reaching an accurate conclusion. Use of a statistically incorrect sample size may lead to inadequate results in both clinical and laboratory studies as well as resulting in time loss, cost, and ethical problems. This review holds two main aims. The first aim is to explain the importance of sample size and its relationship to effect size (ES) and statistical significance. The second aim is to assist researchers planning to perform sample size estimations by suggesting and elucidating available alternative software, guidelines and references that will serve different scientific purposes. Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine 2020-12-15 2021-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7745163/ /pubmed/33380887 http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.010502 Text en Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Serdar, Ceyhan Ceran
Cihan, Murat
Yücel, Doğan
Serdar, Muhittin A
Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
title Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
title_full Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
title_fullStr Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
title_full_unstemmed Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
title_short Sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
title_sort sample size, power and effect size revisited: simplified and practical approaches in pre-clinical, clinical and laboratory studies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7745163/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33380887
http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.010502
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