The Use of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the Setting of Acute Pancreatitis: When is it Most Useful?

CONTEXT: The usefulness of MRCP in the workup of acute pancreatitis has long been debated. METHODS: 2013-2016 chart review data were collected by the authors from adult patients with acute pancreatitis who also had received Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Those patients were categorized by diagnosis and according to whether or not the MRCP changed healthcare services. RESULTS: Changes in care were significantly correlated with diagnosis and elevated liver function tests (LFT). The patients who benefitted most from MRCP were those with acute gallstone pancreatitis (r = 0.298, n = 109, p = 0.002) and patients with elevated LFT (r = 0.219, n = 89, p= 0.040). The most common way that MRCP influenced the care of patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis was by allowing providers to forego intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) when MRCP results were negative (r = 0.335, n = 109, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that this was not the most cost effective management practice since the cost of intraoperative cholangiogram was about one quarter that of MRCP. Limiting MRCP use in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis and preferentially using IOC at the time of surgery can likely decrease hospital costs without compromising care.