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Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals
In the last 40 years, Latin America countries, including Brazil, have suffered from the emergence and reemergence of arboviruses, first Dengue (DENV) and recently Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV). All three arboviruses are currently endemic in Brazil and have caused major outbreaks in recent year...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33332373 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243239 |
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author | Périssé, André Reynaldo Santos Souza-Santos, Reinaldo Duarte, Rosemere Santos, Fernanda de Andrade, Célia Regina Rodrigues, Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Schramm, Joyce Mendes de Andrade da Silva, Edimilson Domingues Jacobson, Ludmilla da Silva Viana Lemos, Maria Cristina Ferreira Sobral, Andrea |
author_facet | Périssé, André Reynaldo Santos Souza-Santos, Reinaldo Duarte, Rosemere Santos, Fernanda de Andrade, Célia Regina Rodrigues, Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Schramm, Joyce Mendes de Andrade da Silva, Edimilson Domingues Jacobson, Ludmilla da Silva Viana Lemos, Maria Cristina Ferreira Sobral, Andrea |
author_sort | Périssé, André Reynaldo Santos |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the last 40 years, Latin America countries, including Brazil, have suffered from the emergence and reemergence of arboviruses, first Dengue (DENV) and recently Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV). All three arboviruses are currently endemic in Brazil and have caused major outbreaks in recent years. Rio de Janeiro city, host of the last Summer Olympic Games and the Football World Cup, has been specially affected by them. A surveillance system based on symptomatic reports is in place in Rio, but the true number of affected individuals is unknown due to the great number of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya asymptomatic cases. Seroprevalence studies are more suitable to evaluate the real number of cases in a given population. We performed a populational seroprevalence survey in Rio, with recruitment of a sample of volunteers of all ages and gender from July to October 2018, within randomly selected census tracts and household. A total of 2,120 volunteers were interviewed and tested with rapid immunochromatographic test for ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV. Individuals with positive results for IgG and/or IgM from only one virus were classified accordingly, while those with test results positive for both ZIKV and DENV were classified as flaviviruses. We corrected for sample design and non-response in data analysis, and calculated point estimate prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for each virus. Arbovirus prevalence in the Rio's population (n = 6,688,927) was estimated at 48.6% [95% CI 44.8–52.4] (n = 3,254,121) for flaviviruses and at 18.0% [95% CI 14.8–21.2] (n = 1,204,765) for CHIKV. Approximately 17.0% [95% CI 14.1–20.1] (n = 1,145,674) of Rio´s population had no contact with any of the three arboviruses. The reported cases of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya by the current surveillance system in place is insufficient to estimate their real numbers, and our data indicate that Zika seroprevalence could be at least five times and Chikungunya 45 times bigger. The high number of individuals having never been infected by any of the three arboviruses, may indicate a proper scenario for future outbreaks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7746276 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77462762020-12-31 Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals Périssé, André Reynaldo Santos Souza-Santos, Reinaldo Duarte, Rosemere Santos, Fernanda de Andrade, Célia Regina Rodrigues, Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Schramm, Joyce Mendes de Andrade da Silva, Edimilson Domingues Jacobson, Ludmilla da Silva Viana Lemos, Maria Cristina Ferreira Sobral, Andrea PLoS One Research Article In the last 40 years, Latin America countries, including Brazil, have suffered from the emergence and reemergence of arboviruses, first Dengue (DENV) and recently Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV). All three arboviruses are currently endemic in Brazil and have caused major outbreaks in recent years. Rio de Janeiro city, host of the last Summer Olympic Games and the Football World Cup, has been specially affected by them. A surveillance system based on symptomatic reports is in place in Rio, but the true number of affected individuals is unknown due to the great number of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya asymptomatic cases. Seroprevalence studies are more suitable to evaluate the real number of cases in a given population. We performed a populational seroprevalence survey in Rio, with recruitment of a sample of volunteers of all ages and gender from July to October 2018, within randomly selected census tracts and household. A total of 2,120 volunteers were interviewed and tested with rapid immunochromatographic test for ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV. Individuals with positive results for IgG and/or IgM from only one virus were classified accordingly, while those with test results positive for both ZIKV and DENV were classified as flaviviruses. We corrected for sample design and non-response in data analysis, and calculated point estimate prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for each virus. Arbovirus prevalence in the Rio's population (n = 6,688,927) was estimated at 48.6% [95% CI 44.8–52.4] (n = 3,254,121) for flaviviruses and at 18.0% [95% CI 14.8–21.2] (n = 1,204,765) for CHIKV. Approximately 17.0% [95% CI 14.1–20.1] (n = 1,145,674) of Rio´s population had no contact with any of the three arboviruses. The reported cases of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya by the current surveillance system in place is insufficient to estimate their real numbers, and our data indicate that Zika seroprevalence could be at least five times and Chikungunya 45 times bigger. The high number of individuals having never been infected by any of the three arboviruses, may indicate a proper scenario for future outbreaks. Public Library of Science 2020-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7746276/ /pubmed/33332373 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243239 Text en © 2020 Périssé et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Périssé, André Reynaldo Santos Souza-Santos, Reinaldo Duarte, Rosemere Santos, Fernanda de Andrade, Célia Regina Rodrigues, Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Schramm, Joyce Mendes de Andrade da Silva, Edimilson Domingues Jacobson, Ludmilla da Silva Viana Lemos, Maria Cristina Ferreira Sobral, Andrea Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
title | Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
title_full | Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
title_fullStr | Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
title_full_unstemmed | Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
title_short | Zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
title_sort | zika, dengue and chikungunya population prevalence in rio de janeiro city, brazil, and the importance of seroprevalence studies to estimate the real number of infected individuals |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33332373 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243239 |
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