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Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance?
Macrophages are the first encounters of invading bacteria and are responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens through phagocytosis leading to initiation of the innate inflammatory response. Intracellular digestion occurs through a close relationship between phagocytic/endocytic and lysosomal p...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746538/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344265 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.601072 |
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author | Szulc-Dąbrowska, Lidia Bossowska-Nowicka, Magdalena Struzik, Justyna Toka, Felix N. |
author_facet | Szulc-Dąbrowska, Lidia Bossowska-Nowicka, Magdalena Struzik, Justyna Toka, Felix N. |
author_sort | Szulc-Dąbrowska, Lidia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Macrophages are the first encounters of invading bacteria and are responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens through phagocytosis leading to initiation of the innate inflammatory response. Intracellular digestion occurs through a close relationship between phagocytic/endocytic and lysosomal pathways, in which proteolytic enzymes, such as cathepsins, are involved. The presence of cathepsins in the endo-lysosomal compartment permits direct interaction with and killing of bacteria, and may contribute to processing of bacterial antigens for presentation, an event necessary for the induction of antibacterial adaptive immune response. Therefore, it is not surprising that bacteria can control the expression and proteolytic activity of cathepsins, including their inhibitors – cystatins, to favor their own intracellular survival in macrophages. In this review, we summarize recent developments in defining the role of cathepsins in bacteria-macrophage interaction and describe important strategies engaged by bacteria to manipulate cathepsin expression and activity in macrophages. Particularly, we focus on specific bacterial species due to their clinical relevance to humans and animal health, i.e., Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Francisella, Chlamydia, Listeria, Brucella, Helicobacter, Neisseria, and other genera. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7746538 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77465382020-12-19 Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? Szulc-Dąbrowska, Lidia Bossowska-Nowicka, Magdalena Struzik, Justyna Toka, Felix N. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Macrophages are the first encounters of invading bacteria and are responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens through phagocytosis leading to initiation of the innate inflammatory response. Intracellular digestion occurs through a close relationship between phagocytic/endocytic and lysosomal pathways, in which proteolytic enzymes, such as cathepsins, are involved. The presence of cathepsins in the endo-lysosomal compartment permits direct interaction with and killing of bacteria, and may contribute to processing of bacterial antigens for presentation, an event necessary for the induction of antibacterial adaptive immune response. Therefore, it is not surprising that bacteria can control the expression and proteolytic activity of cathepsins, including their inhibitors – cystatins, to favor their own intracellular survival in macrophages. In this review, we summarize recent developments in defining the role of cathepsins in bacteria-macrophage interaction and describe important strategies engaged by bacteria to manipulate cathepsin expression and activity in macrophages. Particularly, we focus on specific bacterial species due to their clinical relevance to humans and animal health, i.e., Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Francisella, Chlamydia, Listeria, Brucella, Helicobacter, Neisseria, and other genera. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7746538/ /pubmed/33344265 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.601072 Text en Copyright © 2020 Szulc-Dąbrowska, Bossowska-Nowicka, Struzik and Toka http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Szulc-Dąbrowska, Lidia Bossowska-Nowicka, Magdalena Struzik, Justyna Toka, Felix N. Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? |
title | Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? |
title_full | Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? |
title_fullStr | Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? |
title_full_unstemmed | Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? |
title_short | Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance? |
title_sort | cathepsins in bacteria-macrophage interaction: defenders or victims of circumstance? |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746538/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344265 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.601072 |
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