Cargando…

Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms

The importance of microbiota in the health and diseases of farm animals has been well-documented for diverse animal species. However, studies on microbiotas in turkey and turkey farms are relatively limited as compared to other farm animal species. In this study, we performed a comprehensive survey...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Adhikari, Bishnu, Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo, Jiang, Tieshan, Wooming, Brian, Kwon, Young Min
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344533
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.596933
_version_ 1783624820676624384
author Adhikari, Bishnu
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
Jiang, Tieshan
Wooming, Brian
Kwon, Young Min
author_facet Adhikari, Bishnu
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
Jiang, Tieshan
Wooming, Brian
Kwon, Young Min
author_sort Adhikari, Bishnu
collection PubMed
description The importance of microbiota in the health and diseases of farm animals has been well-documented for diverse animal species. However, studies on microbiotas in turkey and turkey farms are relatively limited as compared to other farm animal species. In this study, we performed a comprehensive survey of the litter microbiotas in 5 commercial turkey farms in the Northwest Arkansas (H, M, V, K, and R farms) including one farm with positive incidence of cellulitis (R farm). Altogether 246 boot swabs were used for 16S rRNA gene profiling of bacterial communities. At phylum level, 11 major bacterial phyla (≥0.01%) were recovered. At genus level, 13 major bacterial genera were found whose relative abundance were ≥2%. The microbial composition at both phylum and genus levels as well as their diversities varied across different farms, which were further affected by different flocks within the same farms and the ages of turkeys. Generally, the Firmicutes were higher in the flocks of younger birds, while the Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were higher in the flocks of the older birds. The Proteobacteria were highly enriched (47.97%) in K farm housing 56-day-old turkeys (K-56), but Bacteroidetes were found the highest in the flock C of M farm housing 63-day-old turkeys (M-C-63; 22.38%), followed by K-84 group (17.26%). Four core bacterial genera (Staphylococcus, Brevibacterium, Brachybacterium, and Lactobacillus) were identified in all samples except for those from R farm. In contrast, 24 core bacterial genera were found based in all cellulitis-associated samples (R farm), including Corynebacterium, an unknown genus of family Bacillaceae, Clostridium sensu stricto 1 (>97% similarity with C. septicum), and Ignatzschineria among others, suggesting their possible roles in etiopathogenesis of cellulitis in turkeys. Overall results of this study may provide valuable foundation for future studies focusing on the role of microbiota in the health and diseases of turkeys.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7746545
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-77465452020-12-19 Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms Adhikari, Bishnu Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo Jiang, Tieshan Wooming, Brian Kwon, Young Min Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science The importance of microbiota in the health and diseases of farm animals has been well-documented for diverse animal species. However, studies on microbiotas in turkey and turkey farms are relatively limited as compared to other farm animal species. In this study, we performed a comprehensive survey of the litter microbiotas in 5 commercial turkey farms in the Northwest Arkansas (H, M, V, K, and R farms) including one farm with positive incidence of cellulitis (R farm). Altogether 246 boot swabs were used for 16S rRNA gene profiling of bacterial communities. At phylum level, 11 major bacterial phyla (≥0.01%) were recovered. At genus level, 13 major bacterial genera were found whose relative abundance were ≥2%. The microbial composition at both phylum and genus levels as well as their diversities varied across different farms, which were further affected by different flocks within the same farms and the ages of turkeys. Generally, the Firmicutes were higher in the flocks of younger birds, while the Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were higher in the flocks of the older birds. The Proteobacteria were highly enriched (47.97%) in K farm housing 56-day-old turkeys (K-56), but Bacteroidetes were found the highest in the flock C of M farm housing 63-day-old turkeys (M-C-63; 22.38%), followed by K-84 group (17.26%). Four core bacterial genera (Staphylococcus, Brevibacterium, Brachybacterium, and Lactobacillus) were identified in all samples except for those from R farm. In contrast, 24 core bacterial genera were found based in all cellulitis-associated samples (R farm), including Corynebacterium, an unknown genus of family Bacillaceae, Clostridium sensu stricto 1 (>97% similarity with C. septicum), and Ignatzschineria among others, suggesting their possible roles in etiopathogenesis of cellulitis in turkeys. Overall results of this study may provide valuable foundation for future studies focusing on the role of microbiota in the health and diseases of turkeys. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7746545/ /pubmed/33344533 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.596933 Text en Copyright © 2020 Adhikari, Tellez-Isaias, Jiang, Wooming and Kwon. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Adhikari, Bishnu
Tellez-Isaias, Guillermo
Jiang, Tieshan
Wooming, Brian
Kwon, Young Min
Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms
title Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms
title_full Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms
title_fullStr Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms
title_full_unstemmed Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms
title_short Comprehensive Survey of the Litter Bacterial Communities in Commercial Turkey Farms
title_sort comprehensive survey of the litter bacterial communities in commercial turkey farms
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33344533
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.596933
work_keys_str_mv AT adhikaribishnu comprehensivesurveyofthelitterbacterialcommunitiesincommercialturkeyfarms
AT tellezisaiasguillermo comprehensivesurveyofthelitterbacterialcommunitiesincommercialturkeyfarms
AT jiangtieshan comprehensivesurveyofthelitterbacterialcommunitiesincommercialturkeyfarms
AT woomingbrian comprehensivesurveyofthelitterbacterialcommunitiesincommercialturkeyfarms
AT kwonyoungmin comprehensivesurveyofthelitterbacterialcommunitiesincommercialturkeyfarms