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Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism

Although hypothyroidism appears to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of depression, the impact of thyroid hormones on the bioenergetics of the adult brain is still poorly known. Since metabolic changes are reported to be a key player in the manifestation of depressive disorder, we investiga...

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Autores principales: Głombik, Katarzyna, Detka, Jan, Kurek, Anna, Budziszewska, Bogusława
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33343282
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.586939
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author Głombik, Katarzyna
Detka, Jan
Kurek, Anna
Budziszewska, Bogusława
author_facet Głombik, Katarzyna
Detka, Jan
Kurek, Anna
Budziszewska, Bogusława
author_sort Głombik, Katarzyna
collection PubMed
description Although hypothyroidism appears to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of depression, the impact of thyroid hormones on the bioenergetics of the adult brain is still poorly known. Since metabolic changes are reported to be a key player in the manifestation of depressive disorder, we investigated whether there are differences in selected metabolic markers in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY; an animal model of depression) compared to those of control Wistar rats and whether the induction of hypothyroidism by propylthiouracil (PTU) elicits similar effects in these animals or intensifies some parameters in the WKY rats. In our study, we used WKY rats as a model of depression since this strain exhibits lower levels of monoamines in the brain than control rats and exhibits behavioral and hormonal alterations resembling those of depression, including increased reactivity to stress. The findings indicate a decrease in glycolysis intensity in both brain structures in the WKY rats as well as in both strains under hypothyroidism conditions. Furthermore, hypothyroidism disrupted the connection between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the depression model used in this study. Decreased thyroid hormone action was also shown to attenuate oxidative phosphorylation, and this change was greater in the WKY rats. Our results suggest that both the depression and hypothyroidism models are characterized by similar impairments in brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function and, additionally, that the co-occurrence of hypothyroidism and depression may exacerbate some of the metabolic changes observed in depression.
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spelling pubmed-77467802020-12-19 Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism Głombik, Katarzyna Detka, Jan Kurek, Anna Budziszewska, Bogusława Front Neurosci Neuroscience Although hypothyroidism appears to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of depression, the impact of thyroid hormones on the bioenergetics of the adult brain is still poorly known. Since metabolic changes are reported to be a key player in the manifestation of depressive disorder, we investigated whether there are differences in selected metabolic markers in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY; an animal model of depression) compared to those of control Wistar rats and whether the induction of hypothyroidism by propylthiouracil (PTU) elicits similar effects in these animals or intensifies some parameters in the WKY rats. In our study, we used WKY rats as a model of depression since this strain exhibits lower levels of monoamines in the brain than control rats and exhibits behavioral and hormonal alterations resembling those of depression, including increased reactivity to stress. The findings indicate a decrease in glycolysis intensity in both brain structures in the WKY rats as well as in both strains under hypothyroidism conditions. Furthermore, hypothyroidism disrupted the connection between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the depression model used in this study. Decreased thyroid hormone action was also shown to attenuate oxidative phosphorylation, and this change was greater in the WKY rats. Our results suggest that both the depression and hypothyroidism models are characterized by similar impairments in brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function and, additionally, that the co-occurrence of hypothyroidism and depression may exacerbate some of the metabolic changes observed in depression. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7746780/ /pubmed/33343282 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.586939 Text en Copyright © 2020 Głombik, Detka, Kurek and Budziszewska. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Głombik, Katarzyna
Detka, Jan
Kurek, Anna
Budziszewska, Bogusława
Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism
title Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism
title_full Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism
title_fullStr Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism
title_full_unstemmed Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism
title_short Impaired Brain Energy Metabolism: Involvement in Depression and Hypothyroidism
title_sort impaired brain energy metabolism: involvement in depression and hypothyroidism
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7746780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33343282
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.586939
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