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Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea

Massive floating green macroalgae have formed harmful green tides in the Yellow Sea since 2007. To study the early development and the associated environmental factors for the green tide, a field survey was carried out in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea. Multiple species were identified in...

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Autores principales: Miao, Xiaoxiang, Xiao, Jie, Xu, Qinzeng, Fan, Shiliang, Wang, Zongling, Wang, Xiao, Zhang, Xuelei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7749999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362976
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10538
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author Miao, Xiaoxiang
Xiao, Jie
Xu, Qinzeng
Fan, Shiliang
Wang, Zongling
Wang, Xiao
Zhang, Xuelei
author_facet Miao, Xiaoxiang
Xiao, Jie
Xu, Qinzeng
Fan, Shiliang
Wang, Zongling
Wang, Xiao
Zhang, Xuelei
author_sort Miao, Xiaoxiang
collection PubMed
description Massive floating green macroalgae have formed harmful green tides in the Yellow Sea since 2007. To study the early development and the associated environmental factors for the green tide, a field survey was carried out in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea. Multiple species were identified in both floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules , while their abundances showed distinct spatial variations. The floating macroalgal biomass was widespread in the northern Subei Shoal and most abundant at 34°N. Ulva prolifera dominated (91.2% in average) the floating macroalgae, and the majority (88.5%) of U. prolifera was the ‘floating type’. In comparison, the micro-propagules were most abundant around the aquaculture rafts, and decreased significantly with the distance to the rafts. The dominant species of micro-propagules was U. linza (48.5%), followed by U. prolifera (35.1%). Their distinct distribution patterns and species diversity suggested little direct contribution of micro-propagules for the floating macroalgae. The spatial variation of the floating macroalgae was probably a combined result from the biomass source and environmental factors, while the abundance of micro-propagules was closely associated with the rafts. A positive correlation between the floating macroalgae and DO was observed and suggested active photosynthesis of the initial biomass in Subei Shoal. This study revealed specific distributional pattern and relationships among the floating macroalgae, micro-propagules and the environmental factors in the source region, which helps understanding the early blooming dynamics of the green tides in Yellow Sea.
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spelling pubmed-77499992020-12-24 Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea Miao, Xiaoxiang Xiao, Jie Xu, Qinzeng Fan, Shiliang Wang, Zongling Wang, Xiao Zhang, Xuelei PeerJ Ecology Massive floating green macroalgae have formed harmful green tides in the Yellow Sea since 2007. To study the early development and the associated environmental factors for the green tide, a field survey was carried out in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea. Multiple species were identified in both floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules , while their abundances showed distinct spatial variations. The floating macroalgal biomass was widespread in the northern Subei Shoal and most abundant at 34°N. Ulva prolifera dominated (91.2% in average) the floating macroalgae, and the majority (88.5%) of U. prolifera was the ‘floating type’. In comparison, the micro-propagules were most abundant around the aquaculture rafts, and decreased significantly with the distance to the rafts. The dominant species of micro-propagules was U. linza (48.5%), followed by U. prolifera (35.1%). Their distinct distribution patterns and species diversity suggested little direct contribution of micro-propagules for the floating macroalgae. The spatial variation of the floating macroalgae was probably a combined result from the biomass source and environmental factors, while the abundance of micro-propagules was closely associated with the rafts. A positive correlation between the floating macroalgae and DO was observed and suggested active photosynthesis of the initial biomass in Subei Shoal. This study revealed specific distributional pattern and relationships among the floating macroalgae, micro-propagules and the environmental factors in the source region, which helps understanding the early blooming dynamics of the green tides in Yellow Sea. PeerJ Inc. 2020-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7749999/ /pubmed/33362976 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10538 Text en ©2020 Miao et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Ecology
Miao, Xiaoxiang
Xiao, Jie
Xu, Qinzeng
Fan, Shiliang
Wang, Zongling
Wang, Xiao
Zhang, Xuelei
Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea
title Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea
title_full Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea
title_fullStr Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea
title_full_unstemmed Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea
title_short Distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the Subei Shoal, southwestern Yellow Sea
title_sort distribution and species diversity of the floating green macroalgae and micro-propagules in the subei shoal, southwestern yellow sea
topic Ecology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7749999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362976
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10538
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