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Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations

Associative memory is the ability to link together components of stimuli. Previous evidence suggests that prior familiarization with study items affects the nature of the association between stimuli. More specifically, novel stimuli are learned in a more context-dependent fashion than stimuli that h...

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Autores principales: Baumann, Oliver, McFadyen, Jessica, Humphreys, Michael S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7750435/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33365002
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.591231
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author Baumann, Oliver
McFadyen, Jessica
Humphreys, Michael S.
author_facet Baumann, Oliver
McFadyen, Jessica
Humphreys, Michael S.
author_sort Baumann, Oliver
collection PubMed
description Associative memory is the ability to link together components of stimuli. Previous evidence suggests that prior familiarization with study items affects the nature of the association between stimuli. More specifically, novel stimuli are learned in a more context-dependent fashion than stimuli that have been encountered previously without the current context. In the current study, we first acquired behavioral data from 62 human participants to conceptually replicate this effect. Participants were instructed to memorize multiple object-scene pairs (study phase) and were then tested on their recognition memory for the objects (test phase). Importantly, 1 day prior, participants had been familiarized with half of the object stimuli. During the test phase, the objects were either matched to the same scene as during study (intact pair) or swapped with a different object’s scene (rearranged pair). Our results conceptually replicated the context-dependency effect by showing that breaking up a studied object-context pairing is more detrimental to object recognition performance for non-familiarized objects than for familiarized objects. Second, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine whether medial temporal lobe encoding-related activity patterns are reflective of this familiarity-related context effect. Data acquired from 25 human participants indicated a larger effect of familiarization on encoding-related hippocampal activity for objects presented within a scene context compared to objects presented alone. Our results showed that both retrieval-related accuracy patterns and hippocampal activation patterns were in line with a familiarization-mediated context-dependency effect.
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spelling pubmed-77504352020-12-22 Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations Baumann, Oliver McFadyen, Jessica Humphreys, Michael S. Front Psychol Psychology Associative memory is the ability to link together components of stimuli. Previous evidence suggests that prior familiarization with study items affects the nature of the association between stimuli. More specifically, novel stimuli are learned in a more context-dependent fashion than stimuli that have been encountered previously without the current context. In the current study, we first acquired behavioral data from 62 human participants to conceptually replicate this effect. Participants were instructed to memorize multiple object-scene pairs (study phase) and were then tested on their recognition memory for the objects (test phase). Importantly, 1 day prior, participants had been familiarized with half of the object stimuli. During the test phase, the objects were either matched to the same scene as during study (intact pair) or swapped with a different object’s scene (rearranged pair). Our results conceptually replicated the context-dependency effect by showing that breaking up a studied object-context pairing is more detrimental to object recognition performance for non-familiarized objects than for familiarized objects. Second, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine whether medial temporal lobe encoding-related activity patterns are reflective of this familiarity-related context effect. Data acquired from 25 human participants indicated a larger effect of familiarization on encoding-related hippocampal activity for objects presented within a scene context compared to objects presented alone. Our results showed that both retrieval-related accuracy patterns and hippocampal activation patterns were in line with a familiarization-mediated context-dependency effect. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7750435/ /pubmed/33365002 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.591231 Text en Copyright © 2020 Baumann, McFadyen and Humphreys. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Baumann, Oliver
McFadyen, Jessica
Humphreys, Michael S.
Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations
title Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations
title_full Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations
title_fullStr Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations
title_full_unstemmed Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations
title_short Behavioral and Neural Effects of Familiarization on Object-Background Associations
title_sort behavioral and neural effects of familiarization on object-background associations
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7750435/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33365002
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.591231
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