The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

Objective: Previous studies in children with ADHD identified two partially separable familial factors underlying cognitive dysfunction, but evidence in adolescents and adults is lacking. Here, we investigate the etiological structure of cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in ADHD in adolescents...

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Autores principales: Michelini, Giorgia, Cheung, Celeste H. M., Kitsune, Viryanaga, Brandeis, Daniel, Banaschewski, Tobias, McLoughlin, Gráinne, Asherson, Philip, Rijsdijk, Frühling, Kuntsi, Jonna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2018
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Articles
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7750664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29720024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718771191
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author Michelini, Giorgia
Cheung, Celeste H. M.
Kitsune, Viryanaga
Brandeis, Daniel
Banaschewski, Tobias
McLoughlin, Gráinne
Asherson, Philip
Rijsdijk, Frühling
Kuntsi, Jonna
author_facet Michelini, Giorgia
Cheung, Celeste H. M.
Kitsune, Viryanaga
Brandeis, Daniel
Banaschewski, Tobias
McLoughlin, Gráinne
Asherson, Philip
Rijsdijk, Frühling
Kuntsi, Jonna
author_sort Michelini, Giorgia
collection PubMed
description Objective: Previous studies in children with ADHD identified two partially separable familial factors underlying cognitive dysfunction, but evidence in adolescents and adults is lacking. Here, we investigate the etiological structure of cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in ADHD in adolescents and young adults. Method: Factor analyses and multivariate familial models were run in 356 participants from ADHD and control sibling pairs aged 11 to 27 years on data on IQ, digit span forward (DSF) and backward (DSB), and cognitive-performance and event-related potential (ERP) measures from three cognitive tasks. Results: Three familial factors (cF(1-3)), showing substantial familial overlap with ADHD, captured the familial covariation of ADHD with nine cognitive-ERP measures. cF(1) loaded on IQ, mean reaction time (MRT), and reaction-time variability (RTV); cF(2) on DSF and DSB; and cF(3) on number of errors and ERPs of inhibition and error processing. Conclusion: These results identify three partially separable etiological pathways leading to cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in adolescent and adult ADHD.
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spelling pubmed-77506642021-01-01 The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood Michelini, Giorgia Cheung, Celeste H. M. Kitsune, Viryanaga Brandeis, Daniel Banaschewski, Tobias McLoughlin, Gráinne Asherson, Philip Rijsdijk, Frühling Kuntsi, Jonna J Atten Disord Articles Objective: Previous studies in children with ADHD identified two partially separable familial factors underlying cognitive dysfunction, but evidence in adolescents and adults is lacking. Here, we investigate the etiological structure of cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in ADHD in adolescents and young adults. Method: Factor analyses and multivariate familial models were run in 356 participants from ADHD and control sibling pairs aged 11 to 27 years on data on IQ, digit span forward (DSF) and backward (DSB), and cognitive-performance and event-related potential (ERP) measures from three cognitive tasks. Results: Three familial factors (cF(1-3)), showing substantial familial overlap with ADHD, captured the familial covariation of ADHD with nine cognitive-ERP measures. cF(1) loaded on IQ, mean reaction time (MRT), and reaction-time variability (RTV); cF(2) on DSF and DSB; and cF(3) on number of errors and ERPs of inhibition and error processing. Conclusion: These results identify three partially separable etiological pathways leading to cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in adolescent and adult ADHD. SAGE Publications 2018-05-03 2021-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7750664/ /pubmed/29720024 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718771191 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Articles
Michelini, Giorgia
Cheung, Celeste H. M.
Kitsune, Viryanaga
Brandeis, Daniel
Banaschewski, Tobias
McLoughlin, Gráinne
Asherson, Philip
Rijsdijk, Frühling
Kuntsi, Jonna
The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
title The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
title_full The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
title_fullStr The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
title_full_unstemmed The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
title_short The Etiological Structure of Cognitive-Neurophysiological Impairments in ADHD in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
title_sort etiological structure of cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in adhd in adolescence and young adulthood
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7750664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29720024
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718771191
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