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Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa

BACKGROUND: Recently, developing countries have shown a dramatic increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The burden of NCDs in South Africa has increased over the past years resulting in an estimated 37% of all- cause mortality and 16% of disability-adjusted life years. Currently, diabetes mel...

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Autores principales: Xhakaza, Lettilia, Abrahams-October, Zainonesa, Mohammednur, Mohammedmekin Mohammedseid, Pearce, Brendon, Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent, Johnson, Rabia, Benjeddou, Mongi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Makerere Medical School 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7751544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33402984
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i3.41
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author Xhakaza, Lettilia
Abrahams-October, Zainonesa
Mohammednur, Mohammedmekin Mohammedseid
Pearce, Brendon
Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
Johnson, Rabia
Benjeddou, Mongi
author_facet Xhakaza, Lettilia
Abrahams-October, Zainonesa
Mohammednur, Mohammedmekin Mohammedseid
Pearce, Brendon
Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
Johnson, Rabia
Benjeddou, Mongi
author_sort Xhakaza, Lettilia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Recently, developing countries have shown a dramatic increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The burden of NCDs in South Africa has increased over the past years resulting in an estimated 37% of all- cause mortality and 16% of disability-adjusted life years. Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are the two most prevalent NCDs associated with the rapid increase in mortality. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) among South African adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Cecilia Makiwane Hospital serving the residents of Mdantsane. Relevant socio-demographic data, anthropometric measurements, triplicate blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipogram analysis were obtained from 265 outpatients. RESULTS: Multivariate anlysis shows that; salt intake, smoking, elevated triglycerides and decreased high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly associated with DM with adjusted odds ratio of 0.18 (p=0.002), 0.26 (p=0.048), 2.19 (p=0.006) and 0.38 (p=0.001), respectively. Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension with odds ratio of 0.03 (p=0.01) and 0.06 (p=0.006), respectively. CONCLUSION: The burden of DM and HTN on society can be drastically reduced with simple lifestyle changes, development of preventative strategies, large-scale screening and better disease management in South Africa.
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spelling pubmed-77515442021-01-04 Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa Xhakaza, Lettilia Abrahams-October, Zainonesa Mohammednur, Mohammedmekin Mohammedseid Pearce, Brendon Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent Johnson, Rabia Benjeddou, Mongi Afr Health Sci Articles BACKGROUND: Recently, developing countries have shown a dramatic increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The burden of NCDs in South Africa has increased over the past years resulting in an estimated 37% of all- cause mortality and 16% of disability-adjusted life years. Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are the two most prevalent NCDs associated with the rapid increase in mortality. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) among South African adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Cecilia Makiwane Hospital serving the residents of Mdantsane. Relevant socio-demographic data, anthropometric measurements, triplicate blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipogram analysis were obtained from 265 outpatients. RESULTS: Multivariate anlysis shows that; salt intake, smoking, elevated triglycerides and decreased high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly associated with DM with adjusted odds ratio of 0.18 (p=0.002), 0.26 (p=0.048), 2.19 (p=0.006) and 0.38 (p=0.001), respectively. Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension with odds ratio of 0.03 (p=0.01) and 0.06 (p=0.006), respectively. CONCLUSION: The burden of DM and HTN on society can be drastically reduced with simple lifestyle changes, development of preventative strategies, large-scale screening and better disease management in South Africa. Makerere Medical School 2020-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7751544/ /pubmed/33402984 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i3.41 Text en © 2020 Xhakaza L et al. Licensee African Health Sciences. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Articles
Xhakaza, Lettilia
Abrahams-October, Zainonesa
Mohammednur, Mohammedmekin Mohammedseid
Pearce, Brendon
Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
Johnson, Rabia
Benjeddou, Mongi
Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa
title Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa
title_full Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa
title_fullStr Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa
title_short Socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in Mdantsane Township in South Africa
title_sort socio-demographic and modifiable risk factors of diabetes and hypertension among resource constrained patients from rural areas in mdantsane township in south africa
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7751544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33402984
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i3.41
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