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Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis

Temperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental hort...

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Autores principales: Ohtaka, Kinuka, Yoshida, Akiko, Kakei, Yusuke, Fukui, Kosuke, Kojima, Mikiko, Takebayashi, Yumiko, Yano, Kanako, Imanishi, Shunsuke, Sakakibara, Hitoshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7752778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33363551
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.577235
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author Ohtaka, Kinuka
Yoshida, Akiko
Kakei, Yusuke
Fukui, Kosuke
Kojima, Mikiko
Takebayashi, Yumiko
Yano, Kanako
Imanishi, Shunsuke
Sakakibara, Hitoshi
author_facet Ohtaka, Kinuka
Yoshida, Akiko
Kakei, Yusuke
Fukui, Kosuke
Kojima, Mikiko
Takebayashi, Yumiko
Yano, Kanako
Imanishi, Shunsuke
Sakakibara, Hitoshi
author_sort Ohtaka, Kinuka
collection PubMed
description Temperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental horticulture. For example, negative DIF (when DT – NT < 0) generally inhibits stem elongation, resulting in dwarf plants. However, the mechanisms underlying stem growth regulation by DIF remains to be completely elucidated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the growth, transcriptome, and phytohormone profiles of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings grown under different DIF treatments. Under positive DIF (when DT – NT > 0), in contrast to the control temperature (25°C/20°C, DT/NT), high temperature (30°C/25°C) increased stem length and thickness, as well as the number of xylem vessels. Conversely, compared with the positive high temperature DIF treatment (30°C/25°C), under negative DIF treatment (25°C/30°C) stem elongation was inhibited, but stem thickness and the number of xylem vessels were not affected. The negative DIF treatment decreased the expression of gibberellin (GA)-, auxin-, and cell wall-related genes in the epicotyl, as well as the concentrations of GAs and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The expression of these genes and concentrations of these hormones increased under high temperature compared to those under the control temperature positive DIF. Our results suggest that stem length in tomato seedlings is controlled by changes in GA and IAA biosynthesis in response to varying day and night temperatures.
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spelling pubmed-77527782020-12-23 Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis Ohtaka, Kinuka Yoshida, Akiko Kakei, Yusuke Fukui, Kosuke Kojima, Mikiko Takebayashi, Yumiko Yano, Kanako Imanishi, Shunsuke Sakakibara, Hitoshi Front Plant Sci Plant Science Temperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental horticulture. For example, negative DIF (when DT – NT < 0) generally inhibits stem elongation, resulting in dwarf plants. However, the mechanisms underlying stem growth regulation by DIF remains to be completely elucidated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the growth, transcriptome, and phytohormone profiles of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings grown under different DIF treatments. Under positive DIF (when DT – NT > 0), in contrast to the control temperature (25°C/20°C, DT/NT), high temperature (30°C/25°C) increased stem length and thickness, as well as the number of xylem vessels. Conversely, compared with the positive high temperature DIF treatment (30°C/25°C), under negative DIF treatment (25°C/30°C) stem elongation was inhibited, but stem thickness and the number of xylem vessels were not affected. The negative DIF treatment decreased the expression of gibberellin (GA)-, auxin-, and cell wall-related genes in the epicotyl, as well as the concentrations of GAs and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The expression of these genes and concentrations of these hormones increased under high temperature compared to those under the control temperature positive DIF. Our results suggest that stem length in tomato seedlings is controlled by changes in GA and IAA biosynthesis in response to varying day and night temperatures. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7752778/ /pubmed/33363551 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.577235 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ohtaka, Yoshida, Kakei, Fukui, Kojima, Takebayashi, Yano, Imanishi and Sakakibara. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Ohtaka, Kinuka
Yoshida, Akiko
Kakei, Yusuke
Fukui, Kosuke
Kojima, Mikiko
Takebayashi, Yumiko
Yano, Kanako
Imanishi, Shunsuke
Sakakibara, Hitoshi
Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
title Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
title_full Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
title_fullStr Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
title_full_unstemmed Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
title_short Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis
title_sort difference between day and night temperatures affects stem elongation in tomato (solanum lycopersicum) seedlings via regulation of gibberellin and auxin synthesis
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7752778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33363551
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.577235
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