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Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment
PURPOSE: There has been increasing interest in identifying non-invasive, imaging biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to investigate whether corneal sensory nerve and dendritic cell (DC) parameters, captured using...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7755610/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362451 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.556137 |
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author | Dehghani, Cirous Frost, Shaun Jayasena, Rajiv Fowler, Christopher Masters, Colin L. Kanagasingam, Yogesan Jiao, Haihan Lim, Jeremiah K. H. Chinnery, Holly R. Downie, Laura E. |
author_facet | Dehghani, Cirous Frost, Shaun Jayasena, Rajiv Fowler, Christopher Masters, Colin L. Kanagasingam, Yogesan Jiao, Haihan Lim, Jeremiah K. H. Chinnery, Holly R. Downie, Laura E. |
author_sort | Dehghani, Cirous |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: There has been increasing interest in identifying non-invasive, imaging biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to investigate whether corneal sensory nerve and dendritic cell (DC) parameters, captured using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), are altered in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). METHODS: Fifteen participants were recruited from the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study in Melbourne, VIC, Australia. The cohort consisted of cognitively normal (CN) individuals (n = 5), and those with MCI (n = 5) and AD (n = 5). Participants underwent a slit lamp examination of the anterior segment, followed by corneal imaging using laser-scanning in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) of the central and inferior whorl regions. Corneal DC density, field area, perimeter, circularity index, aspect ratio, and roundness were quantified using Image J. Quantitative data were derived for corneal nerve parameters, including nerve fiber length (CNFL), fiber density (CNFD), branch density (CNBD), and diameter. RESULTS: Corneal DC field area and perimeter were greater in individuals with MCI, relative to CN controls, in both the central and inferior whorl regions (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). In addition, corneal DCs in the whorl region of MCI eyes had lower circularity and roundness indices and a higher aspect ratio relative to CNs (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). DC density was similar across participant groups in both corneal regions. There was a trend toward lower quantitative parameters for corneal nerve architecture in the AD and MCI groups compared with CN participants, however, the inter-group differences did not reach statistical significance. Central corneal nerve diameters were similar between groups. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to report morphological differences in corneal DCs in humans with MCI. These differences were evident in both the central and mid-peripheral cornea, and in the absence of significant nerve abnormalities or a difference in DC density. These findings justify future large-scale studies to assess the utility of corneal IVCM and DC analysis for identifying early stage pathology in neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7755610 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77556102020-12-24 Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment Dehghani, Cirous Frost, Shaun Jayasena, Rajiv Fowler, Christopher Masters, Colin L. Kanagasingam, Yogesan Jiao, Haihan Lim, Jeremiah K. H. Chinnery, Holly R. Downie, Laura E. Front Neurosci Neuroscience PURPOSE: There has been increasing interest in identifying non-invasive, imaging biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to investigate whether corneal sensory nerve and dendritic cell (DC) parameters, captured using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), are altered in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). METHODS: Fifteen participants were recruited from the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study in Melbourne, VIC, Australia. The cohort consisted of cognitively normal (CN) individuals (n = 5), and those with MCI (n = 5) and AD (n = 5). Participants underwent a slit lamp examination of the anterior segment, followed by corneal imaging using laser-scanning in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) of the central and inferior whorl regions. Corneal DC density, field area, perimeter, circularity index, aspect ratio, and roundness were quantified using Image J. Quantitative data were derived for corneal nerve parameters, including nerve fiber length (CNFL), fiber density (CNFD), branch density (CNBD), and diameter. RESULTS: Corneal DC field area and perimeter were greater in individuals with MCI, relative to CN controls, in both the central and inferior whorl regions (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). In addition, corneal DCs in the whorl region of MCI eyes had lower circularity and roundness indices and a higher aspect ratio relative to CNs (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). DC density was similar across participant groups in both corneal regions. There was a trend toward lower quantitative parameters for corneal nerve architecture in the AD and MCI groups compared with CN participants, however, the inter-group differences did not reach statistical significance. Central corneal nerve diameters were similar between groups. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to report morphological differences in corneal DCs in humans with MCI. These differences were evident in both the central and mid-peripheral cornea, and in the absence of significant nerve abnormalities or a difference in DC density. These findings justify future large-scale studies to assess the utility of corneal IVCM and DC analysis for identifying early stage pathology in neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7755610/ /pubmed/33362451 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.556137 Text en Copyright © 2020 Dehghani, Frost, Jayasena, Fowler, Masters, Kanagasingam, Jiao, Lim, Chinnery and Downie. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Dehghani, Cirous Frost, Shaun Jayasena, Rajiv Fowler, Christopher Masters, Colin L. Kanagasingam, Yogesan Jiao, Haihan Lim, Jeremiah K. H. Chinnery, Holly R. Downie, Laura E. Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment |
title | Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment |
title_full | Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment |
title_fullStr | Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment |
title_full_unstemmed | Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment |
title_short | Morphometric Changes to Corneal Dendritic Cells in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment |
title_sort | morphometric changes to corneal dendritic cells in individuals with mild cognitive impairment |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7755610/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362451 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.556137 |
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