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Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases
Adaptogens comprise a category of herbal medicinal and nutritional products promoting adaptability, resilience, and survival of living organisms in stress. The aim of this review was to summarize the growing knowledge about common adaptogenic plants used in various traditional medical systems (TMS)...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7756641/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33103257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21743 |
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author | Panossian, Alexander G. Efferth, Thomas Shikov, Alexander N. Pozharitskaya, Olga N. Kuchta, Kenny Mukherjee, Pulok K. Banerjee, Subhadip Heinrich, Michael Wu, Wanying Guo, De‐an Wagner, Hildebert |
author_facet | Panossian, Alexander G. Efferth, Thomas Shikov, Alexander N. Pozharitskaya, Olga N. Kuchta, Kenny Mukherjee, Pulok K. Banerjee, Subhadip Heinrich, Michael Wu, Wanying Guo, De‐an Wagner, Hildebert |
author_sort | Panossian, Alexander G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Adaptogens comprise a category of herbal medicinal and nutritional products promoting adaptability, resilience, and survival of living organisms in stress. The aim of this review was to summarize the growing knowledge about common adaptogenic plants used in various traditional medical systems (TMS) and conventional medicine and to provide a modern rationale for their use in the treatment of stress‐induced and aging‐related disorders. Adaptogens have pharmacologically pleiotropic effects on the neuroendocrine‐immune system, which explain their traditional use for the treatment of a wide range of conditions. They exhibit a biphasic dose‐effect response: at low doses they function as mild stress‐mimetics, which activate the adaptive stress‐response signaling pathways to cope with severe stress. That is in line with their traditional use for preventing premature aging and to maintain good health and vitality. However, the potential of adaptogens remains poorly explored. Treatment of stress and aging‐related diseases require novel approaches. Some combinations of adaptogenic plants provide unique effects due to their synergistic interactions in organisms not obtainable by any ingredient independently. Further progress in this field needs to focus on discovering new combinations of adaptogens based on traditional medical concepts. Robust and rigorous approaches including network pharmacology and systems pharmacology could help in analyzing potential synergistic effects and, more broadly, future uses of adaptogens. In conclusion, the evolution of the adaptogenic concept has led back to basics of TMS and a new level of understanding of holistic approach. It provides a rationale for their use in stress‐induced and aging‐related diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7756641 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77566412020-12-28 Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases Panossian, Alexander G. Efferth, Thomas Shikov, Alexander N. Pozharitskaya, Olga N. Kuchta, Kenny Mukherjee, Pulok K. Banerjee, Subhadip Heinrich, Michael Wu, Wanying Guo, De‐an Wagner, Hildebert Med Res Rev Review Articles Adaptogens comprise a category of herbal medicinal and nutritional products promoting adaptability, resilience, and survival of living organisms in stress. The aim of this review was to summarize the growing knowledge about common adaptogenic plants used in various traditional medical systems (TMS) and conventional medicine and to provide a modern rationale for their use in the treatment of stress‐induced and aging‐related disorders. Adaptogens have pharmacologically pleiotropic effects on the neuroendocrine‐immune system, which explain their traditional use for the treatment of a wide range of conditions. They exhibit a biphasic dose‐effect response: at low doses they function as mild stress‐mimetics, which activate the adaptive stress‐response signaling pathways to cope with severe stress. That is in line with their traditional use for preventing premature aging and to maintain good health and vitality. However, the potential of adaptogens remains poorly explored. Treatment of stress and aging‐related diseases require novel approaches. Some combinations of adaptogenic plants provide unique effects due to their synergistic interactions in organisms not obtainable by any ingredient independently. Further progress in this field needs to focus on discovering new combinations of adaptogens based on traditional medical concepts. Robust and rigorous approaches including network pharmacology and systems pharmacology could help in analyzing potential synergistic effects and, more broadly, future uses of adaptogens. In conclusion, the evolution of the adaptogenic concept has led back to basics of TMS and a new level of understanding of holistic approach. It provides a rationale for their use in stress‐induced and aging‐related diseases. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-10-25 2021-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7756641/ /pubmed/33103257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21743 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Medicinal Research Reviews published by Wiley Periodicals LLC This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Articles Panossian, Alexander G. Efferth, Thomas Shikov, Alexander N. Pozharitskaya, Olga N. Kuchta, Kenny Mukherjee, Pulok K. Banerjee, Subhadip Heinrich, Michael Wu, Wanying Guo, De‐an Wagner, Hildebert Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
title | Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
title_full | Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
title_fullStr | Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
title_short | Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
title_sort | evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases |
topic | Review Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7756641/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33103257 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21743 |
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