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Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, EVs have the capacity to modify the physiology of neuronal circuits by transferring proteins, RNA, lipids, and metabolites. T...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7759525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.580030 |
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author | Quiroz-Baez, Ricardo Hernández-Ortega, Karina Martínez-Martínez, Eduardo |
author_facet | Quiroz-Baez, Ricardo Hernández-Ortega, Karina Martínez-Martínez, Eduardo |
author_sort | Quiroz-Baez, Ricardo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, EVs have the capacity to modify the physiology of neuronal circuits by transferring proteins, RNA, lipids, and metabolites. The proteomic characterization of EVs (exosomes and microvesicles) from preclinical models and patient samples has the potential to reveal new proteins and molecular networks that affect the normal physiology prior to the appearance of traditional biomarkers of neurodegeneration. Noteworthy, many of the genetic risks associated to the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease affect the crosstalk between mitochondria, endosomes, and lysosomes. Recent research has focused on determining the role of endolysosomal trafficking in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Proteomic studies indicate an alteration of biogenesis and molecular content of EVs as a result of endolysosomal and autophagic dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the status of EV proteomic characterization and their usefulness in discovering new biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the challenges related to the failure to follow a standard isolation protocol and their implementation for a clinical setting, the analysis of EV proteomes has revealed the presence of key proteins with post-translational modifications that can be measured in peripheral fluids. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7759525 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77595252020-12-26 Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration Quiroz-Baez, Ricardo Hernández-Ortega, Karina Martínez-Martínez, Eduardo Front Neurol Neurology Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Moreover, EVs have the capacity to modify the physiology of neuronal circuits by transferring proteins, RNA, lipids, and metabolites. The proteomic characterization of EVs (exosomes and microvesicles) from preclinical models and patient samples has the potential to reveal new proteins and molecular networks that affect the normal physiology prior to the appearance of traditional biomarkers of neurodegeneration. Noteworthy, many of the genetic risks associated to the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease affect the crosstalk between mitochondria, endosomes, and lysosomes. Recent research has focused on determining the role of endolysosomal trafficking in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Proteomic studies indicate an alteration of biogenesis and molecular content of EVs as a result of endolysosomal and autophagic dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the status of EV proteomic characterization and their usefulness in discovering new biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the challenges related to the failure to follow a standard isolation protocol and their implementation for a clinical setting, the analysis of EV proteomes has revealed the presence of key proteins with post-translational modifications that can be measured in peripheral fluids. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7759525/ /pubmed/33362690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.580030 Text en Copyright © 2020 Quiroz-Baez, Hernández-Ortega and Martínez-Martínez. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neurology Quiroz-Baez, Ricardo Hernández-Ortega, Karina Martínez-Martínez, Eduardo Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration |
title | Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration |
title_full | Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration |
title_fullStr | Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration |
title_short | Insights Into the Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for the Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration |
title_sort | insights into the proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles for the identification of early biomarkers of neurodegeneration |
topic | Neurology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7759525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33362690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.580030 |
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