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Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies

Three different crystallographic orientations of the wurtzite ZnO structure (labeled as c-plane, a-plane and m-plane) were implanted with Au(+) ions using various energies and fluences to form gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The ion implantation process was followed by annealing at 600 °C in an oxygen at...

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Autores principales: Cajzl, Jakub, Jeníčková, Karla, Nekvindová, Pavla, Michalcová, Alena, Veselý, Martin, Macková, Anna, Malinský, Petr, Jágerová, Adéla, Mikšová, Romana, Akhmadaliev, Shavkat
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7760233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33265978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122392
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author Cajzl, Jakub
Jeníčková, Karla
Nekvindová, Pavla
Michalcová, Alena
Veselý, Martin
Macková, Anna
Malinský, Petr
Jágerová, Adéla
Mikšová, Romana
Akhmadaliev, Shavkat
author_facet Cajzl, Jakub
Jeníčková, Karla
Nekvindová, Pavla
Michalcová, Alena
Veselý, Martin
Macková, Anna
Malinský, Petr
Jágerová, Adéla
Mikšová, Romana
Akhmadaliev, Shavkat
author_sort Cajzl, Jakub
collection PubMed
description Three different crystallographic orientations of the wurtzite ZnO structure (labeled as c-plane, a-plane and m-plane) were implanted with Au(+) ions using various energies and fluences to form gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The ion implantation process was followed by annealing at 600 °C in an oxygen atmosphere to decrease the number of unwanted defects and improve luminescence properties. With regard to our previous publications, the paper provides a summary of theoretical and experimental results, i.e., both DFT and FLUX simulations, as well as experimental results from TEM, HRTEM, RBS, RBS/C, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence. From the results, it follows that in the ZnO structure, implanted gold atoms are located in random interstitial positions —experimentally, the amount of interstitial gold atoms increased with increasing ion implantation fluence. During ion implantation and subsequent annealing, the metal clusters and nanoparticles with sizes from 2 to 20 nm were formed. The crystal structure of the resulting gold was not cubic (confirmed by diffraction patterns), but it had a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) arrangement. The ion implantation of gold leads to the creation of Zn and O interstitial defects and extended defects with distinct character in various crystallographic cuts of ZnO, where significant O-sublattice disordering occurred in m-plane ZnO.
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spelling pubmed-77602332020-12-26 Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies Cajzl, Jakub Jeníčková, Karla Nekvindová, Pavla Michalcová, Alena Veselý, Martin Macková, Anna Malinský, Petr Jágerová, Adéla Mikšová, Romana Akhmadaliev, Shavkat Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Three different crystallographic orientations of the wurtzite ZnO structure (labeled as c-plane, a-plane and m-plane) were implanted with Au(+) ions using various energies and fluences to form gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The ion implantation process was followed by annealing at 600 °C in an oxygen atmosphere to decrease the number of unwanted defects and improve luminescence properties. With regard to our previous publications, the paper provides a summary of theoretical and experimental results, i.e., both DFT and FLUX simulations, as well as experimental results from TEM, HRTEM, RBS, RBS/C, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence. From the results, it follows that in the ZnO structure, implanted gold atoms are located in random interstitial positions —experimentally, the amount of interstitial gold atoms increased with increasing ion implantation fluence. During ion implantation and subsequent annealing, the metal clusters and nanoparticles with sizes from 2 to 20 nm were formed. The crystal structure of the resulting gold was not cubic (confirmed by diffraction patterns), but it had a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) arrangement. The ion implantation of gold leads to the creation of Zn and O interstitial defects and extended defects with distinct character in various crystallographic cuts of ZnO, where significant O-sublattice disordering occurred in m-plane ZnO. MDPI 2020-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7760233/ /pubmed/33265978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122392 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cajzl, Jakub
Jeníčková, Karla
Nekvindová, Pavla
Michalcová, Alena
Veselý, Martin
Macková, Anna
Malinský, Petr
Jágerová, Adéla
Mikšová, Romana
Akhmadaliev, Shavkat
Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies
title Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies
title_full Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies
title_fullStr Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies
title_full_unstemmed Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies
title_short Creation of Gold Nanoparticles in ZnO by Ion Implantation–DFT and Experimental Studies
title_sort creation of gold nanoparticles in zno by ion implantation–dft and experimental studies
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7760233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33265978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122392
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