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Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Disease resistance is the ability of animals to inhibit the growth of invading pathogens within the body, which is influenced by the interaction of the host immune system, host genetics, and the pathogens. Resistant animals can be produced by molecular breeding by introducing the gen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761152/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33260762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122236 |
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author | Islam, Md. Aminul Rony, Sharmin Aqter Rahman, Mohammad Bozlur Cinar, Mehmet Ulas Villena, Julio Uddin, Muhammad Jasim Kitazawa, Haruki |
author_facet | Islam, Md. Aminul Rony, Sharmin Aqter Rahman, Mohammad Bozlur Cinar, Mehmet Ulas Villena, Julio Uddin, Muhammad Jasim Kitazawa, Haruki |
author_sort | Islam, Md. Aminul |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Disease resistance is the ability of animals to inhibit the growth of invading pathogens within the body, which is influenced by the interaction of the host immune system, host genetics, and the pathogens. Resistant animals can be produced by molecular breeding by introducing the genomic marker responsible for disease resistance or immunocompetence. Immunogenomics is an information science that enables the genome-scale investigation of host immune response to pathogenic infection thereby identification of the genomic marker for disease resistance. Once the genomic marker is determined, it could be implemented in producing disease resistance animals by applying the advanced reproductive biotechnology like genome editing. The technical ease and decreasing cost over time might enhance the application of genome editing techniques for producing disease resistance livestock. ABSTRACT: Disease occurrence adversely affects livestock production and animal welfare, and have an impact on both human health and public perception of food–animals production. Combined efforts from farmers, animal scientists, and veterinarians have been continuing to explore the effective disease control approaches for the production of safe animal-originated food. Implementing the immunogenomics, along with genome editing technology, has been considering as the key approach for safe food–animal production through the improvement of the host genetic resistance. Next-generation sequencing, as a cutting-edge technique, enables the production of high throughput transcriptomic and genomic profiles resulted from host-pathogen interactions. Immunogenomics combine the transcriptomic and genomic data that links to host resistance to disease, and predict the potential candidate genes and their genomic locations. Genome editing, which involves insertion, deletion, or modification of one or more genes in the DNA sequence, is advancing rapidly and may be poised to become a commercial reality faster than it has thought. The clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) [CRISPR/Cas9] system has recently emerged as a powerful tool for genome editing in agricultural food production including livestock disease management. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated insertion of NRAMP1 gene for producing tuberculosis resistant cattle, and deletion of CD163 gene for producing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) resistant pigs are two groundbreaking applications of genome editing in livestock. In this review, we have highlighted the technological advances of livestock immunogenomics and the principles and scopes of application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted genome editing in animal breeding for disease resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7761152 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77611522020-12-26 Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology Islam, Md. Aminul Rony, Sharmin Aqter Rahman, Mohammad Bozlur Cinar, Mehmet Ulas Villena, Julio Uddin, Muhammad Jasim Kitazawa, Haruki Animals (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Disease resistance is the ability of animals to inhibit the growth of invading pathogens within the body, which is influenced by the interaction of the host immune system, host genetics, and the pathogens. Resistant animals can be produced by molecular breeding by introducing the genomic marker responsible for disease resistance or immunocompetence. Immunogenomics is an information science that enables the genome-scale investigation of host immune response to pathogenic infection thereby identification of the genomic marker for disease resistance. Once the genomic marker is determined, it could be implemented in producing disease resistance animals by applying the advanced reproductive biotechnology like genome editing. The technical ease and decreasing cost over time might enhance the application of genome editing techniques for producing disease resistance livestock. ABSTRACT: Disease occurrence adversely affects livestock production and animal welfare, and have an impact on both human health and public perception of food–animals production. Combined efforts from farmers, animal scientists, and veterinarians have been continuing to explore the effective disease control approaches for the production of safe animal-originated food. Implementing the immunogenomics, along with genome editing technology, has been considering as the key approach for safe food–animal production through the improvement of the host genetic resistance. Next-generation sequencing, as a cutting-edge technique, enables the production of high throughput transcriptomic and genomic profiles resulted from host-pathogen interactions. Immunogenomics combine the transcriptomic and genomic data that links to host resistance to disease, and predict the potential candidate genes and their genomic locations. Genome editing, which involves insertion, deletion, or modification of one or more genes in the DNA sequence, is advancing rapidly and may be poised to become a commercial reality faster than it has thought. The clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) [CRISPR/Cas9] system has recently emerged as a powerful tool for genome editing in agricultural food production including livestock disease management. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated insertion of NRAMP1 gene for producing tuberculosis resistant cattle, and deletion of CD163 gene for producing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) resistant pigs are two groundbreaking applications of genome editing in livestock. In this review, we have highlighted the technological advances of livestock immunogenomics and the principles and scopes of application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted genome editing in animal breeding for disease resistance. MDPI 2020-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7761152/ /pubmed/33260762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122236 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Islam, Md. Aminul Rony, Sharmin Aqter Rahman, Mohammad Bozlur Cinar, Mehmet Ulas Villena, Julio Uddin, Muhammad Jasim Kitazawa, Haruki Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology |
title | Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology |
title_full | Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology |
title_fullStr | Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology |
title_full_unstemmed | Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology |
title_short | Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology |
title_sort | improvement of disease resistance in livestock: application of immunogenomics and crispr/cas9 technology |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761152/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33260762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122236 |
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