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High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human

Poor dietary habits contribute to increased incidences of obesity and related co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). The biological, genetic, and pathological implications of T2D, are commonly investigated using animal models induced by a dietary intervention. In spite of significant researc...

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Autores principales: Stott, Nicole L., Marino, Joseph S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761287/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33261000
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123650
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author Stott, Nicole L.
Marino, Joseph S.
author_facet Stott, Nicole L.
Marino, Joseph S.
author_sort Stott, Nicole L.
collection PubMed
description Poor dietary habits contribute to increased incidences of obesity and related co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). The biological, genetic, and pathological implications of T2D, are commonly investigated using animal models induced by a dietary intervention. In spite of significant research contributions, animal models have limitations regarding the translation to human pathology, which leads to questioning their clinical relevance. Important considerations include diet-specific effects on whole organism energy balance and glucose and insulin homeostasis, as well as tissue-specific changes in insulin and glucose tolerance. This review will examine the T2D-like phenotype in rodents resulting from common diet-induced models and their relevance to the human disease state. Emphasis will be placed on the disparity in percentages and type of dietary fat, the duration of intervention, and whole organism and tissue-specific changes in rodents. An evaluation of these models will help to identify a diet-induced rodent model with the greatest clinical relevance to the human T2D pathology. We propose that a 45% high-fat diet composed of approximately one-third saturated fats and two-thirds unsaturated fats may provide a diet composition that aligns closely to average Western diet macronutrient composition, and induces metabolic alterations mirrored by clinical populations.
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spelling pubmed-77612872020-12-26 High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human Stott, Nicole L. Marino, Joseph S. Nutrients Review Poor dietary habits contribute to increased incidences of obesity and related co-morbidities, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). The biological, genetic, and pathological implications of T2D, are commonly investigated using animal models induced by a dietary intervention. In spite of significant research contributions, animal models have limitations regarding the translation to human pathology, which leads to questioning their clinical relevance. Important considerations include diet-specific effects on whole organism energy balance and glucose and insulin homeostasis, as well as tissue-specific changes in insulin and glucose tolerance. This review will examine the T2D-like phenotype in rodents resulting from common diet-induced models and their relevance to the human disease state. Emphasis will be placed on the disparity in percentages and type of dietary fat, the duration of intervention, and whole organism and tissue-specific changes in rodents. An evaluation of these models will help to identify a diet-induced rodent model with the greatest clinical relevance to the human T2D pathology. We propose that a 45% high-fat diet composed of approximately one-third saturated fats and two-thirds unsaturated fats may provide a diet composition that aligns closely to average Western diet macronutrient composition, and induces metabolic alterations mirrored by clinical populations. MDPI 2020-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7761287/ /pubmed/33261000 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123650 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Stott, Nicole L.
Marino, Joseph S.
High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human
title High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human
title_full High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human
title_fullStr High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human
title_full_unstemmed High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human
title_short High Fat Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes: From Rodent to Human
title_sort high fat rodent models of type 2 diabetes: from rodent to human
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761287/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33261000
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123650
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