Cargando…

Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread in sheep and goats in Poland, and several subtypes were identified and molecularly characterized up to date. This is the first study that characterizes the molecular properties of A5 strains of SRLV detected in naturally infected, but clinically hea...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Olech, Monika, Kuźmak, Jacek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33256245
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9120992
_version_ 1783627572785971200
author Olech, Monika
Kuźmak, Jacek
author_facet Olech, Monika
Kuźmak, Jacek
author_sort Olech, Monika
collection PubMed
description Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread in sheep and goats in Poland, and several subtypes were identified and molecularly characterized up to date. This is the first study that characterizes the molecular properties of A5 strains of SRLV detected in naturally infected, but clinically healthy, Carpathian goats. Segments from three genomic regions (gag, env, and LTR) were analyzed. Genetic distance, pairwise comparison, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that Polish SRLV A5 sequences are closely related to the Swiss and German A5 sequences suggesting a common origin. The epidemiological linkage was identified particularly between the small ruminants of Germany and Poland. Amino acid sequences of immunodominant regions in CA protein were well-conserved within analyzed strains; however, they showed some remarkable changes like substitution (D) to (E), at position 90 in Major Homology Region (MHR) and (T) to (S), at position 141 in epitope 3. In contrast, aa sequences of surface glycoprotein exhibited the highest variability confirming type-specific variation in SU5 epitope. Two deletions in the U3 region of A5 strains were noted: One (8 nt) located near the 5′ end of the U3 region and the other (29 nt) located in the central region of U3. Additionally, all A5 strains had specific deletion (10 nt) in the R region. Furthermore, we did not find a correlation between copies of the CAAAT motif and clinical manifestation in infected animals. These data showed some remarkable features in the viral genome of A5 strains, which may be related to the attenuated phenotype in vivo, characterized by the lack of any clinical signs in infected goats. Certainly, more studies are required to support the hypothesis that these A5 viruses are of low pathogenicity for goats. We want to focus our future studies on the analysis of the whole genomes of these isolates and their biological properties, as well as on clinicopathological studies of goats infected by A5 SRLV, aiming to clarify the pathogenic potential of these viruses.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7761454
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-77614542020-12-26 Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed Olech, Monika Kuźmak, Jacek Pathogens Article Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread in sheep and goats in Poland, and several subtypes were identified and molecularly characterized up to date. This is the first study that characterizes the molecular properties of A5 strains of SRLV detected in naturally infected, but clinically healthy, Carpathian goats. Segments from three genomic regions (gag, env, and LTR) were analyzed. Genetic distance, pairwise comparison, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that Polish SRLV A5 sequences are closely related to the Swiss and German A5 sequences suggesting a common origin. The epidemiological linkage was identified particularly between the small ruminants of Germany and Poland. Amino acid sequences of immunodominant regions in CA protein were well-conserved within analyzed strains; however, they showed some remarkable changes like substitution (D) to (E), at position 90 in Major Homology Region (MHR) and (T) to (S), at position 141 in epitope 3. In contrast, aa sequences of surface glycoprotein exhibited the highest variability confirming type-specific variation in SU5 epitope. Two deletions in the U3 region of A5 strains were noted: One (8 nt) located near the 5′ end of the U3 region and the other (29 nt) located in the central region of U3. Additionally, all A5 strains had specific deletion (10 nt) in the R region. Furthermore, we did not find a correlation between copies of the CAAAT motif and clinical manifestation in infected animals. These data showed some remarkable features in the viral genome of A5 strains, which may be related to the attenuated phenotype in vivo, characterized by the lack of any clinical signs in infected goats. Certainly, more studies are required to support the hypothesis that these A5 viruses are of low pathogenicity for goats. We want to focus our future studies on the analysis of the whole genomes of these isolates and their biological properties, as well as on clinicopathological studies of goats infected by A5 SRLV, aiming to clarify the pathogenic potential of these viruses. MDPI 2020-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7761454/ /pubmed/33256245 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9120992 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Olech, Monika
Kuźmak, Jacek
Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed
title Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed
title_full Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed
title_fullStr Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed
title_short Molecular Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses of Subtype A5 Detected in Naturally Infected but Clinically Healthy Goats of Carpathian Breed
title_sort molecular characterization of small ruminant lentiviruses of subtype a5 detected in naturally infected but clinically healthy goats of carpathian breed
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761454/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33256245
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9120992
work_keys_str_mv AT olechmonika molecularcharacterizationofsmallruminantlentivirusesofsubtypea5detectedinnaturallyinfectedbutclinicallyhealthygoatsofcarpathianbreed
AT kuzmakjacek molecularcharacterizationofsmallruminantlentivirusesofsubtypea5detectedinnaturallyinfectedbutclinicallyhealthygoatsofcarpathianbreed