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The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview

Peptides and proteins constitute a large group of molecules that play multiple functions in living organisms. In conjunction with their important role in biological processes and advances in chemical approaches of synthesis, the interest in peptide-based drugs is still growing. As the side chains of...

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Autores principales: Sikora, Karol, Jaśkiewicz, Maciej, Neubauer, Damian, Migoń, Dorian, Kamysz, Wojciech
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33287352
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13120442
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author Sikora, Karol
Jaśkiewicz, Maciej
Neubauer, Damian
Migoń, Dorian
Kamysz, Wojciech
author_facet Sikora, Karol
Jaśkiewicz, Maciej
Neubauer, Damian
Migoń, Dorian
Kamysz, Wojciech
author_sort Sikora, Karol
collection PubMed
description Peptides and proteins constitute a large group of molecules that play multiple functions in living organisms. In conjunction with their important role in biological processes and advances in chemical approaches of synthesis, the interest in peptide-based drugs is still growing. As the side chains of amino acids can be basic, acidic, or neutral, the peptide drugs often occur in the form of salts with different counter-ions. This review focuses on the role of counter-ions in peptides. To date, over 60 peptide-based drugs have been approved by the FDA. Based on their area of application, biological activity, and results of preliminary tests they are characterized by different counter-ions. Moreover, the impact of counter-ions on structure, physicochemical properties, and drug formulation is analyzed. Additionally, the application of salts as mobile phase additives in chromatographic analyses and analytical techniques is highlighted.
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spelling pubmed-77618502020-12-26 The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview Sikora, Karol Jaśkiewicz, Maciej Neubauer, Damian Migoń, Dorian Kamysz, Wojciech Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Review Peptides and proteins constitute a large group of molecules that play multiple functions in living organisms. In conjunction with their important role in biological processes and advances in chemical approaches of synthesis, the interest in peptide-based drugs is still growing. As the side chains of amino acids can be basic, acidic, or neutral, the peptide drugs often occur in the form of salts with different counter-ions. This review focuses on the role of counter-ions in peptides. To date, over 60 peptide-based drugs have been approved by the FDA. Based on their area of application, biological activity, and results of preliminary tests they are characterized by different counter-ions. Moreover, the impact of counter-ions on structure, physicochemical properties, and drug formulation is analyzed. Additionally, the application of salts as mobile phase additives in chromatographic analyses and analytical techniques is highlighted. MDPI 2020-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7761850/ /pubmed/33287352 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13120442 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sikora, Karol
Jaśkiewicz, Maciej
Neubauer, Damian
Migoń, Dorian
Kamysz, Wojciech
The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview
title The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview
title_full The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview
title_fullStr The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview
title_short The Role of Counter-Ions in Peptides—An Overview
title_sort role of counter-ions in peptides—an overview
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33287352
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13120442
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