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Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions
Strains of Chloropseudomonas ethylica, 2-K, N2, and N3 are known to be composed of a syntrophic mixture of a green sulfur bacterium and a sulfur-reducing colorless component. Upon sequence analysis, the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterial component of strain N3 was dominant and was readily sequenc...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7762298/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33297414 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121939 |
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author | Kyndt, John A. Van Beeumen, Jozef J. Meyer, Terry E. |
author_facet | Kyndt, John A. Van Beeumen, Jozef J. Meyer, Terry E. |
author_sort | Kyndt, John A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Strains of Chloropseudomonas ethylica, 2-K, N2, and N3 are known to be composed of a syntrophic mixture of a green sulfur bacterium and a sulfur-reducing colorless component. Upon sequence analysis, the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterial component of strain N3 was dominant and was readily sequenced, but the less abundant sulfur-reducing bacterial component was apparent only when analyzed by metagenomic binning. Whole-genome comparison showed that the green bacterium belonged to the genus Prosthecochloris and apparently was a species for which there was no genome sequence on file. For comparison, we also sequenced the genome of Prosthecochloris sp. DSM 1685, which had previously been isolated from the 2-K mixture in pure culture and have shown that all three Prosthecochloris genomes belong to a new species, which we propose to be named Prosthecochloris ethylica comb. nov. Whole genomes were also sequenced for the isolated Desulfuromonas strains DSM 1675 (from strain 2-K) and DSM 1676 (from strain N2) and shown to be nearly identical to the genome found in the N3 mixture. The genome of the green sulfur bacterium contains large genes for agglutination proteins, similar to the ones proposed to be involved in larger photosynthetic consortia of Chlorochromatium aggregatum. In addition, we also identified several unique “tight adhesion (tad)” pili genes that are presumably involved in the formation of cell–cell interactions. The colorless component, on the other hand, contained a unique large multiheme cytochrome C and unique genes for e-pili (geopilin) formation, genetically clustered with a conserved ferredoxin gene, which are all expected to play an electron transfer role in the closed sulfur cycle in the syntrophic mixture. The findings from the simultaneous genome sequencing of the components of Cp. ethylica have implications for the phenomenon of direct interspecies interactions and coupled electron transfer in photosynthetic symbionts. The mechanisms for such interactions appear to be more common in the environment than originally anticipated. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7762298 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77622982020-12-26 Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions Kyndt, John A. Van Beeumen, Jozef J. Meyer, Terry E. Microorganisms Article Strains of Chloropseudomonas ethylica, 2-K, N2, and N3 are known to be composed of a syntrophic mixture of a green sulfur bacterium and a sulfur-reducing colorless component. Upon sequence analysis, the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterial component of strain N3 was dominant and was readily sequenced, but the less abundant sulfur-reducing bacterial component was apparent only when analyzed by metagenomic binning. Whole-genome comparison showed that the green bacterium belonged to the genus Prosthecochloris and apparently was a species for which there was no genome sequence on file. For comparison, we also sequenced the genome of Prosthecochloris sp. DSM 1685, which had previously been isolated from the 2-K mixture in pure culture and have shown that all three Prosthecochloris genomes belong to a new species, which we propose to be named Prosthecochloris ethylica comb. nov. Whole genomes were also sequenced for the isolated Desulfuromonas strains DSM 1675 (from strain 2-K) and DSM 1676 (from strain N2) and shown to be nearly identical to the genome found in the N3 mixture. The genome of the green sulfur bacterium contains large genes for agglutination proteins, similar to the ones proposed to be involved in larger photosynthetic consortia of Chlorochromatium aggregatum. In addition, we also identified several unique “tight adhesion (tad)” pili genes that are presumably involved in the formation of cell–cell interactions. The colorless component, on the other hand, contained a unique large multiheme cytochrome C and unique genes for e-pili (geopilin) formation, genetically clustered with a conserved ferredoxin gene, which are all expected to play an electron transfer role in the closed sulfur cycle in the syntrophic mixture. The findings from the simultaneous genome sequencing of the components of Cp. ethylica have implications for the phenomenon of direct interspecies interactions and coupled electron transfer in photosynthetic symbionts. The mechanisms for such interactions appear to be more common in the environment than originally anticipated. MDPI 2020-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7762298/ /pubmed/33297414 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121939 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kyndt, John A. Van Beeumen, Jozef J. Meyer, Terry E. Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions |
title | Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas
acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions |
title_full | Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas
acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions |
title_fullStr | Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas
acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions |
title_full_unstemmed | Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas
acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions |
title_short | Simultaneous Genome Sequencing of Prosthecochloris ethylica and Desulfuromonas
acetoxidans within a Syntrophic Mixture Reveals Unique Pili and Protein Interactions |
title_sort | simultaneous genome sequencing of prosthecochloris ethylica and desulfuromonas
acetoxidans within a syntrophic mixture reveals unique pili and protein interactions |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7762298/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33297414 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121939 |
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