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Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method

A shock wave that is characterized by sharp physical gradients always draws the medium out of equilibrium. In this work, both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects around the shock wave are investigated using a discrete Boltzmann model. Via Chapman–Enskog analysis, the local equilibr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lin, Chuandong, Su, Xianli, Zhang, Yudong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33321966
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22121397
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author Lin, Chuandong
Su, Xianli
Zhang, Yudong
author_facet Lin, Chuandong
Su, Xianli
Zhang, Yudong
author_sort Lin, Chuandong
collection PubMed
description A shock wave that is characterized by sharp physical gradients always draws the medium out of equilibrium. In this work, both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects around the shock wave are investigated using a discrete Boltzmann model. Via Chapman–Enskog analysis, the local equilibrium and nonequilibrium velocity distribution functions in one-, two-, and three-dimensional velocity space are recovered across the shock wave. Besides, the absolute and relative deviation degrees are defined in order to describe the departure of the fluid system from the equilibrium state. The local and global nonequilibrium effects, nonorganized energy, and nonorganized energy flux are also investigated. Moreover, the impacts of the relaxation frequency, Mach number, thermal conductivity, viscosity, and the specific heat ratio on the nonequilibrium behaviours around shock waves are studied. This work is helpful for a deeper understanding of the fine structures of shock wave and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics.
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spelling pubmed-77630682021-02-24 Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method Lin, Chuandong Su, Xianli Zhang, Yudong Entropy (Basel) Article A shock wave that is characterized by sharp physical gradients always draws the medium out of equilibrium. In this work, both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects around the shock wave are investigated using a discrete Boltzmann model. Via Chapman–Enskog analysis, the local equilibrium and nonequilibrium velocity distribution functions in one-, two-, and three-dimensional velocity space are recovered across the shock wave. Besides, the absolute and relative deviation degrees are defined in order to describe the departure of the fluid system from the equilibrium state. The local and global nonequilibrium effects, nonorganized energy, and nonorganized energy flux are also investigated. Moreover, the impacts of the relaxation frequency, Mach number, thermal conductivity, viscosity, and the specific heat ratio on the nonequilibrium behaviours around shock waves are studied. This work is helpful for a deeper understanding of the fine structures of shock wave and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. MDPI 2020-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7763068/ /pubmed/33321966 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22121397 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lin, Chuandong
Su, Xianli
Zhang, Yudong
Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method
title Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method
title_full Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method
title_fullStr Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method
title_full_unstemmed Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method
title_short Hydrodynamic and Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Effects around Shock Waves: Based on a Discrete Boltzmann Method
title_sort hydrodynamic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects around shock waves: based on a discrete boltzmann method
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33321966
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22121397
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