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Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces

Organic ligands such as exopolymeric substances (EPS) are known to form complexes with iron (Fe) and modulate phytoplankton growth. However, the effect of organic ligands on bacterial and viral communities remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed how Fe associated with organic ligands influences p...

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Autores principales: Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sonia, Cabanes, Damien J. E., Cable, Rachel N., Trimborn, Scarlett, Jacquet, Stéphan, Wiegmann, Sonja, Völkner, Christian, Lelchat, Florian, Bracher, Astrid, Duhaime, Melissa B., Hassler, Christel S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763086/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121980
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author Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sonia
Cabanes, Damien J. E.
Cable, Rachel N.
Trimborn, Scarlett
Jacquet, Stéphan
Wiegmann, Sonja
Völkner, Christian
Lelchat, Florian
Bracher, Astrid
Duhaime, Melissa B.
Hassler, Christel S.
author_facet Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sonia
Cabanes, Damien J. E.
Cable, Rachel N.
Trimborn, Scarlett
Jacquet, Stéphan
Wiegmann, Sonja
Völkner, Christian
Lelchat, Florian
Bracher, Astrid
Duhaime, Melissa B.
Hassler, Christel S.
author_sort Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sonia
collection PubMed
description Organic ligands such as exopolymeric substances (EPS) are known to form complexes with iron (Fe) and modulate phytoplankton growth. However, the effect of organic ligands on bacterial and viral communities remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed how Fe associated with organic ligands influences phytoplankton, microbial, and viral abundances and their diversity in the Southern Ocean. While the particulate organic carbon (POC) was modulated by Fe chemistry and bioavailability in the Drake Passage, the abundance and diversity of microbes and viruses were not governed by Fe bioavailability. Only following amendments with bacterial EPS did bacterial abundances increase, while phenotypic alpha diversity of bacterial and viral communities decreased. The latter was accompanied by significantly enhanced POC, pointing toward the relief of C limitation or other drivers of the microbial loop. Based on the literature and our findings, we propose a conceptual framework by which EPS may affect phytoplankton, bacteria, and viruses. Given the importance of the Southern Ocean for Earth’s climate as well as the prevalence of viruses and their increasingly recognized impact on marine biogeochemistry and C cycling; the role of microbe–virus interactions on primary productivity in the Southern Ocean needs urgent attention.
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spelling pubmed-77630862020-12-27 Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sonia Cabanes, Damien J. E. Cable, Rachel N. Trimborn, Scarlett Jacquet, Stéphan Wiegmann, Sonja Völkner, Christian Lelchat, Florian Bracher, Astrid Duhaime, Melissa B. Hassler, Christel S. Microorganisms Article Organic ligands such as exopolymeric substances (EPS) are known to form complexes with iron (Fe) and modulate phytoplankton growth. However, the effect of organic ligands on bacterial and viral communities remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed how Fe associated with organic ligands influences phytoplankton, microbial, and viral abundances and their diversity in the Southern Ocean. While the particulate organic carbon (POC) was modulated by Fe chemistry and bioavailability in the Drake Passage, the abundance and diversity of microbes and viruses were not governed by Fe bioavailability. Only following amendments with bacterial EPS did bacterial abundances increase, while phenotypic alpha diversity of bacterial and viral communities decreased. The latter was accompanied by significantly enhanced POC, pointing toward the relief of C limitation or other drivers of the microbial loop. Based on the literature and our findings, we propose a conceptual framework by which EPS may affect phytoplankton, bacteria, and viruses. Given the importance of the Southern Ocean for Earth’s climate as well as the prevalence of viruses and their increasingly recognized impact on marine biogeochemistry and C cycling; the role of microbe–virus interactions on primary productivity in the Southern Ocean needs urgent attention. MDPI 2020-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7763086/ /pubmed/33322799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121980 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Blanco-Ameijeiras, Sonia
Cabanes, Damien J. E.
Cable, Rachel N.
Trimborn, Scarlett
Jacquet, Stéphan
Wiegmann, Sonja
Völkner, Christian
Lelchat, Florian
Bracher, Astrid
Duhaime, Melissa B.
Hassler, Christel S.
Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces
title Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces
title_full Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces
title_fullStr Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces
title_full_unstemmed Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces
title_short Exopolymeric Substances Control Microbial Community Structure and Function by Contributing to both C and Fe Nutrition in Fe-Limited Southern Ocean Provinces
title_sort exopolymeric substances control microbial community structure and function by contributing to both c and fe nutrition in fe-limited southern ocean provinces
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763086/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121980
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