CuSO(4)/[Cu(NH(3))(4)]SO(4)-Composite Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials

The thermochemical energy-storage material couple CuSO(4)/[Cu(NH(3))(4)]SO(4) combines full reversibility, application in a medium temperature interval (<350 °C), and fast liberation of stored heat. During reaction with ammonia, a large change in the sulfate solid-state structure occurs, resulting in a 2.6-fold expansion of the bulk material due to NH(3) uptake. In order to limit this volume work, as well as enhance the thermal conductivity of the solid material, several composites of anhydrous CuSO(4) with inorganic inert support materials were prepared and characterized with regard to their energy storage density, reversibility of the storage reaction, thermal conductivity, and particle morphology. The best thermochemical energy storage properties were obtained for a 10:1 CuSO(4)-sepiolite composite, combining an attractive energy storage density with slightly improved thermal conductivity and decreased bulk volume work compared to the pure salt.