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Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies

Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction, also known as cardiotoxicity, is a group of drug-related adverse events negatively affecting myocardial structure and functions in patients who received chemotherapy for cancer treatment. Clinical manifestations can vary from life-threatening arrythmias to c...

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Autores principales: Giudice, Valentina, Vecchione, Carmine, Selleri, Carmine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763613/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322351
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10120344
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author Giudice, Valentina
Vecchione, Carmine
Selleri, Carmine
author_facet Giudice, Valentina
Vecchione, Carmine
Selleri, Carmine
author_sort Giudice, Valentina
collection PubMed
description Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction, also known as cardiotoxicity, is a group of drug-related adverse events negatively affecting myocardial structure and functions in patients who received chemotherapy for cancer treatment. Clinical manifestations can vary from life-threatening arrythmias to chronic conditions, such as heart failure or hypertension, which dramatically reduce quality of life of cancer survivors. Standard chemotherapy exerts its toxic effect mainly by inducing oxidative stress and genomic instability, while new targeted therapies work by interfering with signaling pathways important not only in cancer cells but also in myocytes. For example, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors interfere with class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms involved in cardiac hypertrophy, contractility, and regulation of various channel forming proteins; thus, off-target effects of BTK inhibitors are associated with increased frequency of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, compared to standard chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of cardiotoxic effects of targeted therapies used in hematology.
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spelling pubmed-77636132020-12-27 Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies Giudice, Valentina Vecchione, Carmine Selleri, Carmine Life (Basel) Review Chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction, also known as cardiotoxicity, is a group of drug-related adverse events negatively affecting myocardial structure and functions in patients who received chemotherapy for cancer treatment. Clinical manifestations can vary from life-threatening arrythmias to chronic conditions, such as heart failure or hypertension, which dramatically reduce quality of life of cancer survivors. Standard chemotherapy exerts its toxic effect mainly by inducing oxidative stress and genomic instability, while new targeted therapies work by interfering with signaling pathways important not only in cancer cells but also in myocytes. For example, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors interfere with class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase isoforms involved in cardiac hypertrophy, contractility, and regulation of various channel forming proteins; thus, off-target effects of BTK inhibitors are associated with increased frequency of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, compared to standard chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of cardiotoxic effects of targeted therapies used in hematology. MDPI 2020-12-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7763613/ /pubmed/33322351 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10120344 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Giudice, Valentina
Vecchione, Carmine
Selleri, Carmine
Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies
title Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies
title_full Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies
title_fullStr Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies
title_full_unstemmed Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies
title_short Cardiotoxicity of Novel Targeted Hematological Therapies
title_sort cardiotoxicity of novel targeted hematological therapies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763613/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322351
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10120344
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