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Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers
Hydrogen promotion as a clean energy vector could provide an efficient strategy for realizing real decarbonization of the current energy system. Purification steps are usually required in most H(2)-production processes, providing the use of Pd-based membranes, particularly those supported on porous...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7764324/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322000 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10120410 |
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author | Martinez-Diaz, David Sanz, Raúl Carrero, Alicia Calles, José Antonio Alique, David |
author_facet | Martinez-Diaz, David Sanz, Raúl Carrero, Alicia Calles, José Antonio Alique, David |
author_sort | Martinez-Diaz, David |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hydrogen promotion as a clean energy vector could provide an efficient strategy for realizing real decarbonization of the current energy system. Purification steps are usually required in most H(2)-production processes, providing the use of Pd-based membranes, particularly those supported on porous stainless steel (PSS), important advantages against other alternatives. In this work, new composite membranes were prepared by modifying PSS supports with graphite, as an intermediate layer, before incorporating a palladium film by electroless pore-plating. Fully dense Pd layers were reached, with an estimated thickness of around 17 μm. Permeation measurements were carried out in two different modes: H(2) permeation from the inner to the outer side of the membrane (in–out) and in the opposite way (out–in). H(2) permeances between 3.24 × 10(−4) and 4.33 × 10(−4) mol m(−2) s(−1) Pa(−0.5) with α(H2/N2) ≥ 10,000 were reached at 350–450 °C when permeating from the outer to the inner surface. Despite a general linear trend between permeating H(2) fluxes and pressures, the predicted intercept in (0,0) by the Sieverts’ law was missed due to the partial Pd infiltration inside the pores. H(2)-permeances progressively decreased up to around 33% for binary H(2)–N(2) mixtures containing 40 vol% N(2) due to concentration–polarization phenomena. Finally, the good performance of these membranes was maintained after reversing the direction of the permeate flux. This fact practically demonstrates an adequate mechanical resistance despite generating tensile stress on the Pd layer during operation, which is not accomplished in other Pd membranes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7764324 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77643242020-12-27 Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers Martinez-Diaz, David Sanz, Raúl Carrero, Alicia Calles, José Antonio Alique, David Membranes (Basel) Article Hydrogen promotion as a clean energy vector could provide an efficient strategy for realizing real decarbonization of the current energy system. Purification steps are usually required in most H(2)-production processes, providing the use of Pd-based membranes, particularly those supported on porous stainless steel (PSS), important advantages against other alternatives. In this work, new composite membranes were prepared by modifying PSS supports with graphite, as an intermediate layer, before incorporating a palladium film by electroless pore-plating. Fully dense Pd layers were reached, with an estimated thickness of around 17 μm. Permeation measurements were carried out in two different modes: H(2) permeation from the inner to the outer side of the membrane (in–out) and in the opposite way (out–in). H(2) permeances between 3.24 × 10(−4) and 4.33 × 10(−4) mol m(−2) s(−1) Pa(−0.5) with α(H2/N2) ≥ 10,000 were reached at 350–450 °C when permeating from the outer to the inner surface. Despite a general linear trend between permeating H(2) fluxes and pressures, the predicted intercept in (0,0) by the Sieverts’ law was missed due to the partial Pd infiltration inside the pores. H(2)-permeances progressively decreased up to around 33% for binary H(2)–N(2) mixtures containing 40 vol% N(2) due to concentration–polarization phenomena. Finally, the good performance of these membranes was maintained after reversing the direction of the permeate flux. This fact practically demonstrates an adequate mechanical resistance despite generating tensile stress on the Pd layer during operation, which is not accomplished in other Pd membranes. MDPI 2020-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7764324/ /pubmed/33322000 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10120410 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Martinez-Diaz, David Sanz, Raúl Carrero, Alicia Calles, José Antonio Alique, David Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers |
title | Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers |
title_full | Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers |
title_fullStr | Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers |
title_full_unstemmed | Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers |
title_short | Effective H(2) Separation through Electroless Pore-Plated Pd Membranes Containing Graphite Lead Barriers |
title_sort | effective h(2) separation through electroless pore-plated pd membranes containing graphite lead barriers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7764324/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322000 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10120410 |
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