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Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19

Currently, an efficient treatment for COVID-19 is still unavailable, and people are continuing to die from complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the development of new therapeutic approaches is urgently needed, and one alternative is to target the mechanisms of autophagy. Due to...

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Autores principales: García-Pérez, Blanca Estela, González-Rojas, Juan Antonio, Salazar, Ma Isabel, Torres-Torres, Carlos, Castrejón-Jiménez, Nayeli Shantal
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7764362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9122679
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author García-Pérez, Blanca Estela
González-Rojas, Juan Antonio
Salazar, Ma Isabel
Torres-Torres, Carlos
Castrejón-Jiménez, Nayeli Shantal
author_facet García-Pérez, Blanca Estela
González-Rojas, Juan Antonio
Salazar, Ma Isabel
Torres-Torres, Carlos
Castrejón-Jiménez, Nayeli Shantal
author_sort García-Pérez, Blanca Estela
collection PubMed
description Currently, an efficient treatment for COVID-19 is still unavailable, and people are continuing to die from complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the development of new therapeutic approaches is urgently needed, and one alternative is to target the mechanisms of autophagy. Due to its multifaceted role in physiological processes, many questions remain unanswered about the possible advantages of inhibiting or activating autophagy. Based on a search of the literature in this field, a novel analysis has been made to highlight the relation between the mechanisms of autophagy in antiviral and inflammatory activity in contrast with those of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The present analysis reveals a remarkable coincidence between the uncontrolled inflammation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and autophagy defects. Particularly, there is conclusive evidence about the substantial contribution of two concomitant factors to the development of severe COVID-19: a delayed or absent type I and III interferon (IFN-I and IFN-III) response together with robust cytokine and chemokine production. In addition, a negative interplay exists between autophagy and an IFN-I response. According to previous studies, the clinical decision to inhibit or activate autophagy should depend on the underlying context of the pathological timeline of COVID-19. Several treatment options are herein discussed as a guide for future research on this topic.
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spelling pubmed-77643622020-12-27 Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19 García-Pérez, Blanca Estela González-Rojas, Juan Antonio Salazar, Ma Isabel Torres-Torres, Carlos Castrejón-Jiménez, Nayeli Shantal Cells Review Currently, an efficient treatment for COVID-19 is still unavailable, and people are continuing to die from complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, the development of new therapeutic approaches is urgently needed, and one alternative is to target the mechanisms of autophagy. Due to its multifaceted role in physiological processes, many questions remain unanswered about the possible advantages of inhibiting or activating autophagy. Based on a search of the literature in this field, a novel analysis has been made to highlight the relation between the mechanisms of autophagy in antiviral and inflammatory activity in contrast with those of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The present analysis reveals a remarkable coincidence between the uncontrolled inflammation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and autophagy defects. Particularly, there is conclusive evidence about the substantial contribution of two concomitant factors to the development of severe COVID-19: a delayed or absent type I and III interferon (IFN-I and IFN-III) response together with robust cytokine and chemokine production. In addition, a negative interplay exists between autophagy and an IFN-I response. According to previous studies, the clinical decision to inhibit or activate autophagy should depend on the underlying context of the pathological timeline of COVID-19. Several treatment options are herein discussed as a guide for future research on this topic. MDPI 2020-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7764362/ /pubmed/33322168 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9122679 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
García-Pérez, Blanca Estela
González-Rojas, Juan Antonio
Salazar, Ma Isabel
Torres-Torres, Carlos
Castrejón-Jiménez, Nayeli Shantal
Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19
title Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19
title_full Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19
title_fullStr Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19
title_short Taming the Autophagy as a Strategy for Treating COVID-19
title_sort taming the autophagy as a strategy for treating covid-19
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7764362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33322168
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9122679
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