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Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study
The in vitro study objectives were to investigate the effect of arginine (Arg) incorporation in a 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on its physical and chemical properties including F/Arg release. Six experimental formulations were prepared with L-arginine (L-Arg) and L-arginine monohydrochloride at...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7765578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33339152 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122998 |
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author | Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem Ekambaram, Manikandan Lo, Edward Yiu, Cynthia |
author_facet | Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem Ekambaram, Manikandan Lo, Edward Yiu, Cynthia |
author_sort | Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem |
collection | PubMed |
description | The in vitro study objectives were to investigate the effect of arginine (Arg) incorporation in a 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on its physical and chemical properties including F/Arg release. Six experimental formulations were prepared with L-arginine (L-Arg) and L-arginine monohydrochloride at 2%, 4%, and 8% w/v in a 5% NaF varnish, which served as a control. The varnishes were subjected to assessments for adhesion, viscosity, and NaF extraction. Molecular dynamics were simulated to identify post-dynamics total energy for NaF=Arg/Arg>NaF/Arg<NaF concentrations. The Arg/F varnish release profiles were determined in polyacrylic lactate buffer (pH-4.5; 7 days) and artificial saliva (pH-7; 1 h, 24 h, and 12 weeks). Incorporation of L-Arg in NaF varnish significantly influences physical properties ameliorating retention (p < 0.001). L-Arg in NaF varnish institutes the Arg-F complex. Molecular dynamics suggests that NaF>Arg concentration denotes the stabilized environment compared to NaF<Arg (p < 0.001). The 2% Arg-NaF exhibits periodic perennial Arg/F release and shows significantly higher integrated mean F release than NaF (p < 0.001). Incorporating 2% L-arginine in 5% NaF varnish improves its physical properties and renders a stable matrix with enduring higher F/Arg release than control. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7765578 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77655782020-12-27 Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem Ekambaram, Manikandan Lo, Edward Yiu, Cynthia Polymers (Basel) Article The in vitro study objectives were to investigate the effect of arginine (Arg) incorporation in a 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on its physical and chemical properties including F/Arg release. Six experimental formulations were prepared with L-arginine (L-Arg) and L-arginine monohydrochloride at 2%, 4%, and 8% w/v in a 5% NaF varnish, which served as a control. The varnishes were subjected to assessments for adhesion, viscosity, and NaF extraction. Molecular dynamics were simulated to identify post-dynamics total energy for NaF=Arg/Arg>NaF/Arg<NaF concentrations. The Arg/F varnish release profiles were determined in polyacrylic lactate buffer (pH-4.5; 7 days) and artificial saliva (pH-7; 1 h, 24 h, and 12 weeks). Incorporation of L-Arg in NaF varnish significantly influences physical properties ameliorating retention (p < 0.001). L-Arg in NaF varnish institutes the Arg-F complex. Molecular dynamics suggests that NaF>Arg concentration denotes the stabilized environment compared to NaF<Arg (p < 0.001). The 2% Arg-NaF exhibits periodic perennial Arg/F release and shows significantly higher integrated mean F release than NaF (p < 0.001). Incorporating 2% L-arginine in 5% NaF varnish improves its physical properties and renders a stable matrix with enduring higher F/Arg release than control. MDPI 2020-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7765578/ /pubmed/33339152 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122998 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bijle, Mohammed Nadeem Ekambaram, Manikandan Lo, Edward Yiu, Cynthia Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study |
title | Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study |
title_full | Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study |
title_fullStr | Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study |
title_short | Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study |
title_sort | physicochemical characteristics of arginine enriched naf varnish: an in vitro study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7765578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33339152 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122998 |
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