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Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dementia are the leading causes of disability and mortality. Genetic connections between cardiovascular risk factors and dementia have not been elucidated. We conducted a scoping review and pathway analysis to reveal the genetic associations underlying both CVDs an...

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Autores principales: Ho, Wei-Min, Wu, Yah-Yuan, Chen, Yi-Chun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7766236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33352859
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11121514
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author Ho, Wei-Min
Wu, Yah-Yuan
Chen, Yi-Chun
author_facet Ho, Wei-Min
Wu, Yah-Yuan
Chen, Yi-Chun
author_sort Ho, Wei-Min
collection PubMed
description Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dementia are the leading causes of disability and mortality. Genetic connections between cardiovascular risk factors and dementia have not been elucidated. We conducted a scoping review and pathway analysis to reveal the genetic associations underlying both CVDs and dementia. In the PubMed database, literature was searched using keywords associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, and covert infarctions. Gene lists were extracted from these publications to identify shared genes and pathways for each group. This included high penetrance genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified through genome wide association studies. Most risk SNPs to both diabetes and dementia participate in the phospholipase C enzyme system and the downstream nositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol activities. Interestingly, AP-2 (TFAP2) transcription factor family and metabolism of vitamins and cofactors were associated with genetic variants that were shared by white matter hyperintensities and dementia, and by microbleeds and dementia. Variants shared by covert infarctions and dementia were related to VEGF ligand–receptor interactions and anti-inflammatory cytokine pathways. Our review sheds light on future investigations into the causative relationships behind CVDs and dementia, and can be a paradigm of the identification of dementia treatments.
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spelling pubmed-77662362020-12-28 Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia Ho, Wei-Min Wu, Yah-Yuan Chen, Yi-Chun Genes (Basel) Review Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dementia are the leading causes of disability and mortality. Genetic connections between cardiovascular risk factors and dementia have not been elucidated. We conducted a scoping review and pathway analysis to reveal the genetic associations underlying both CVDs and dementia. In the PubMed database, literature was searched using keywords associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, and covert infarctions. Gene lists were extracted from these publications to identify shared genes and pathways for each group. This included high penetrance genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified through genome wide association studies. Most risk SNPs to both diabetes and dementia participate in the phospholipase C enzyme system and the downstream nositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol activities. Interestingly, AP-2 (TFAP2) transcription factor family and metabolism of vitamins and cofactors were associated with genetic variants that were shared by white matter hyperintensities and dementia, and by microbleeds and dementia. Variants shared by covert infarctions and dementia were related to VEGF ligand–receptor interactions and anti-inflammatory cytokine pathways. Our review sheds light on future investigations into the causative relationships behind CVDs and dementia, and can be a paradigm of the identification of dementia treatments. MDPI 2020-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7766236/ /pubmed/33352859 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11121514 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ho, Wei-Min
Wu, Yah-Yuan
Chen, Yi-Chun
Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia
title Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia
title_full Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia
title_fullStr Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia
title_full_unstemmed Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia
title_short Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia
title_sort genetic variants behind cardiovascular diseases and dementia
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7766236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33352859
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11121514
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