Cargando…

Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers

In this work, Adenine is proposed, for the first time, as a cross-linker for epoxy resins. Adenine is an amino-substituted purine with heterocyclic aromatic structure showing both proton donors, and hydrogen bonding ability. DSC studies show that adenine is able to positively cross-link a biobased D...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Merighi, Stefano, Mazzocchetti, Laura, Benelli, Tiziana, Giorgini, Loris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7766952/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33419353
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12123054
_version_ 1783628841723363328
author Merighi, Stefano
Mazzocchetti, Laura
Benelli, Tiziana
Giorgini, Loris
author_facet Merighi, Stefano
Mazzocchetti, Laura
Benelli, Tiziana
Giorgini, Loris
author_sort Merighi, Stefano
collection PubMed
description In this work, Adenine is proposed, for the first time, as a cross-linker for epoxy resins. Adenine is an amino-substituted purine with heterocyclic aromatic structure showing both proton donors, and hydrogen bonding ability. DSC studies show that adenine is able to positively cross-link a biobased DGEBA-like commercial epoxy precursor with good thermal performance and a reaction mechanism based on a (1)H NMR investigation has been proposed. The use of such a formulation to produce composite with recycled short carbon fibers (and virgin ones for the sake of comparison), as well as jute and linen natural fibers as sustainable reinforcements, leads to materials with high compaction and fiber content. The curing cycle was optimized for both carbon fiber and natural fiber reinforced materials, with the aim to achieve the better final properties. All composites produced display good thermal and mechanical properties with glass transition in the range of HT resins (T(g) > 150 °C, E’ =26 GPa) for the carbon fiber-based composites. The natural fiber-based composites display slightly lower performance that is nonetheless good compared with standard composite performance (T(g) about 115–120 °C, E’ = 7–9 GPa). The present results thus pave the way to the application of adenine as hardener system for composites production.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7766952
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-77669522020-12-28 Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers Merighi, Stefano Mazzocchetti, Laura Benelli, Tiziana Giorgini, Loris Polymers (Basel) Article In this work, Adenine is proposed, for the first time, as a cross-linker for epoxy resins. Adenine is an amino-substituted purine with heterocyclic aromatic structure showing both proton donors, and hydrogen bonding ability. DSC studies show that adenine is able to positively cross-link a biobased DGEBA-like commercial epoxy precursor with good thermal performance and a reaction mechanism based on a (1)H NMR investigation has been proposed. The use of such a formulation to produce composite with recycled short carbon fibers (and virgin ones for the sake of comparison), as well as jute and linen natural fibers as sustainable reinforcements, leads to materials with high compaction and fiber content. The curing cycle was optimized for both carbon fiber and natural fiber reinforced materials, with the aim to achieve the better final properties. All composites produced display good thermal and mechanical properties with glass transition in the range of HT resins (T(g) > 150 °C, E’ =26 GPa) for the carbon fiber-based composites. The natural fiber-based composites display slightly lower performance that is nonetheless good compared with standard composite performance (T(g) about 115–120 °C, E’ = 7–9 GPa). The present results thus pave the way to the application of adenine as hardener system for composites production. MDPI 2020-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7766952/ /pubmed/33419353 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12123054 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Merighi, Stefano
Mazzocchetti, Laura
Benelli, Tiziana
Giorgini, Loris
Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers
title Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers
title_full Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers
title_fullStr Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers
title_full_unstemmed Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers
title_short Adenine as Epoxy Resin Hardener for Sustainable Composites Production with Recycled Carbon Fibers and Cellulosic Fibers
title_sort adenine as epoxy resin hardener for sustainable composites production with recycled carbon fibers and cellulosic fibers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7766952/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33419353
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12123054
work_keys_str_mv AT merighistefano adenineasepoxyresinhardenerforsustainablecompositesproductionwithrecycledcarbonfibersandcellulosicfibers
AT mazzocchettilaura adenineasepoxyresinhardenerforsustainablecompositesproductionwithrecycledcarbonfibersandcellulosicfibers
AT benellitiziana adenineasepoxyresinhardenerforsustainablecompositesproductionwithrecycledcarbonfibersandcellulosicfibers
AT giorginiloris adenineasepoxyresinhardenerforsustainablecompositesproductionwithrecycledcarbonfibersandcellulosicfibers