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The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases

SIMPLE SUMMARY: A fundamental feature of cellular senescence is the emergence of the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which represents a considerable source of inflammatory and tissue-remodeling cues. The pathophysiological relevance of senescence and SASP has generated a fertile ar...

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Autores principales: Cuollo, Lorenzo, Antonangeli, Fabrizio, Santoni, Angela, Soriani, Alessandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7767554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33371508
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9120485
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author Cuollo, Lorenzo
Antonangeli, Fabrizio
Santoni, Angela
Soriani, Alessandra
author_facet Cuollo, Lorenzo
Antonangeli, Fabrizio
Santoni, Angela
Soriani, Alessandra
author_sort Cuollo, Lorenzo
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: A fundamental feature of cellular senescence is the emergence of the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which represents a considerable source of inflammatory and tissue-remodeling cues. The pathophysiological relevance of senescence and SASP has generated a fertile area of research aimed at manipulating the SASP to fight cancer and age-related conditions. This review enlightens the most important mechanisms that regulate the SASP and summarizes the current evidence on the feasibility of intervening on its composition, providing a reading frame of the general potentialities of SASP modulation. ABSTRACT: Cellular senescence represents a robust tumor-protecting mechanism that halts the proliferation of stressed or premalignant cells. However, this state of stable proliferative arrest is accompanied by the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which entails the copious secretion of proinflammatory signals in the tissue microenvironment and contributes to age-related conditions, including, paradoxically, cancer. Novel therapeutic strategies aim at eliminating senescent cells with the use of senolytics or abolishing the SASP without killing the senescent cell with the use of the so-called “senomorphics”. In addition, recent works demonstrate the possibility of modifying the composition of the secretome by genetic or pharmacological intervention. The purpose is not to renounce the potent immunostimulatory nature of SASP, but rather learning to modulate it for combating cancer and other age-related diseases. This review describes the main molecular mechanisms regulating the SASP and reports the evidence of the feasibility of abrogating or modulating the SASP, discussing the possible implications of both strategies.
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spelling pubmed-77675542020-12-28 The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases Cuollo, Lorenzo Antonangeli, Fabrizio Santoni, Angela Soriani, Alessandra Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: A fundamental feature of cellular senescence is the emergence of the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which represents a considerable source of inflammatory and tissue-remodeling cues. The pathophysiological relevance of senescence and SASP has generated a fertile area of research aimed at manipulating the SASP to fight cancer and age-related conditions. This review enlightens the most important mechanisms that regulate the SASP and summarizes the current evidence on the feasibility of intervening on its composition, providing a reading frame of the general potentialities of SASP modulation. ABSTRACT: Cellular senescence represents a robust tumor-protecting mechanism that halts the proliferation of stressed or premalignant cells. However, this state of stable proliferative arrest is accompanied by the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which entails the copious secretion of proinflammatory signals in the tissue microenvironment and contributes to age-related conditions, including, paradoxically, cancer. Novel therapeutic strategies aim at eliminating senescent cells with the use of senolytics or abolishing the SASP without killing the senescent cell with the use of the so-called “senomorphics”. In addition, recent works demonstrate the possibility of modifying the composition of the secretome by genetic or pharmacological intervention. The purpose is not to renounce the potent immunostimulatory nature of SASP, but rather learning to modulate it for combating cancer and other age-related diseases. This review describes the main molecular mechanisms regulating the SASP and reports the evidence of the feasibility of abrogating or modulating the SASP, discussing the possible implications of both strategies. MDPI 2020-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7767554/ /pubmed/33371508 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9120485 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Cuollo, Lorenzo
Antonangeli, Fabrizio
Santoni, Angela
Soriani, Alessandra
The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases
title The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases
title_full The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases
title_fullStr The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases
title_full_unstemmed The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases
title_short The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases
title_sort senescence-associated secretory phenotype (sasp) in the challenging future of cancer therapy and age-related diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7767554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33371508
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9120485
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