Cargando…

Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study

Miltefosine (MIL)–allopurinol combination therapy administered at standard dosage is effective to treat canine leishmaniosis, nevertheless for some dogs the digestive tolerance of MIL is not acceptable. This study evaluates an alternative therapeutic protocol by using a modified dosage of MIL to inc...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Iarussi, Fabrizio, Paradies, Paola, Foglia Manzillo, Valentina, Gizzarelli, Manuela, Caratozzolo, Mariano Francesco, Navarro, Christelle, Greco, Beatrice, Rubino, Giuseppe Tommaso Roberto, Oliva, Gaetano, Sasanelli, Mariateresa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7767967/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33381534
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.577395
_version_ 1783629078288400384
author Iarussi, Fabrizio
Paradies, Paola
Foglia Manzillo, Valentina
Gizzarelli, Manuela
Caratozzolo, Mariano Francesco
Navarro, Christelle
Greco, Beatrice
Rubino, Giuseppe Tommaso Roberto
Oliva, Gaetano
Sasanelli, Mariateresa
author_facet Iarussi, Fabrizio
Paradies, Paola
Foglia Manzillo, Valentina
Gizzarelli, Manuela
Caratozzolo, Mariano Francesco
Navarro, Christelle
Greco, Beatrice
Rubino, Giuseppe Tommaso Roberto
Oliva, Gaetano
Sasanelli, Mariateresa
author_sort Iarussi, Fabrizio
collection PubMed
description Miltefosine (MIL)–allopurinol combination therapy administered at standard dosage is effective to treat canine leishmaniosis, nevertheless for some dogs the digestive tolerance of MIL is not acceptable. This study evaluates an alternative therapeutic protocol by using a modified dosage of MIL to increase its effectiveness and improve the digestive tolerance. Thirty-four Leishmania infantum owned naturally infected dogs were included and monitored for 180 days. The dogs were allocated in two randomized groups: Group X−18 dogs treated with MIL registered dose of 2 mg/kg, oral administration, once daily, for 28 days; Group Y−16 dogs treated with 1.2 mg/kg for 5 days followed by 2.5 mg/kg for 25 days. Both groups were also treated with allopurinol. Digestive tolerance was monitored by adverse events observation. Treatments effectiveness was evaluated by monitoring the reduction of clinical score, the improvement of clinicopathological abnormalities, the reduction of parasitological load by PCR and the number of relapses. 16.6% dogs of group X and 12.5% dogs of group Y showed treatment associated adverse events. The reduction of clinical score was 61.7% for group X and 71.6% for group Y. All dogs showed an improvement of laboratory parameters after treatment. Quantitative PCR showed better results in group Y compared to group X; relapses were only registered in four dogs of group X. The modified protocol demonstrates a better trend of results in term of tolerance, clinical effectiveness, parasitological load reduction and relapses control, suggesting it could be considered for new large-scale studies.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7767967
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-77679672020-12-29 Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study Iarussi, Fabrizio Paradies, Paola Foglia Manzillo, Valentina Gizzarelli, Manuela Caratozzolo, Mariano Francesco Navarro, Christelle Greco, Beatrice Rubino, Giuseppe Tommaso Roberto Oliva, Gaetano Sasanelli, Mariateresa Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Miltefosine (MIL)–allopurinol combination therapy administered at standard dosage is effective to treat canine leishmaniosis, nevertheless for some dogs the digestive tolerance of MIL is not acceptable. This study evaluates an alternative therapeutic protocol by using a modified dosage of MIL to increase its effectiveness and improve the digestive tolerance. Thirty-four Leishmania infantum owned naturally infected dogs were included and monitored for 180 days. The dogs were allocated in two randomized groups: Group X−18 dogs treated with MIL registered dose of 2 mg/kg, oral administration, once daily, for 28 days; Group Y−16 dogs treated with 1.2 mg/kg for 5 days followed by 2.5 mg/kg for 25 days. Both groups were also treated with allopurinol. Digestive tolerance was monitored by adverse events observation. Treatments effectiveness was evaluated by monitoring the reduction of clinical score, the improvement of clinicopathological abnormalities, the reduction of parasitological load by PCR and the number of relapses. 16.6% dogs of group X and 12.5% dogs of group Y showed treatment associated adverse events. The reduction of clinical score was 61.7% for group X and 71.6% for group Y. All dogs showed an improvement of laboratory parameters after treatment. Quantitative PCR showed better results in group Y compared to group X; relapses were only registered in four dogs of group X. The modified protocol demonstrates a better trend of results in term of tolerance, clinical effectiveness, parasitological load reduction and relapses control, suggesting it could be considered for new large-scale studies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7767967/ /pubmed/33381534 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.577395 Text en Copyright © 2020 Iarussi, Paradies, Foglia Manzillo, Gizzarelli, Caratozzolo, Navarro, Greco, Rubino, Oliva and Sasanelli. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Iarussi, Fabrizio
Paradies, Paola
Foglia Manzillo, Valentina
Gizzarelli, Manuela
Caratozzolo, Mariano Francesco
Navarro, Christelle
Greco, Beatrice
Rubino, Giuseppe Tommaso Roberto
Oliva, Gaetano
Sasanelli, Mariateresa
Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study
title Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study
title_full Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study
title_short Comparison of Two Dosing Regimens of Miltefosine, Both in Combination With Allopurinol, on Clinical and Parasitological Findings of Dogs With Leishmaniosis: A Pilot Study
title_sort comparison of two dosing regimens of miltefosine, both in combination with allopurinol, on clinical and parasitological findings of dogs with leishmaniosis: a pilot study
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7767967/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33381534
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.577395
work_keys_str_mv AT iarussifabrizio comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT paradiespaola comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT fogliamanzillovalentina comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT gizzarellimanuela comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT caratozzolomarianofrancesco comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT navarrochristelle comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT grecobeatrice comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT rubinogiuseppetommasoroberto comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT olivagaetano comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy
AT sasanellimariateresa comparisonoftwodosingregimensofmiltefosinebothincombinationwithallopurinolonclinicalandparasitologicalfindingsofdogswithleishmaniosisapilotstudy