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Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum

Paphiopedilum armeniacum is a rare orchid native to China with high ornamental value. The germination of P. armeniacum seeds is difficult, especially for the mature seeds, which is the major limitation for their large-scale reproduction. This study explored the reasons for seed germination inhibitio...

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Autores principales: Xu, Xin, Fang, Lin, Li, Lin, Ma, Guohua, Wu, Kunlin, Zeng, Songjun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7768472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33334056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249561
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author Xu, Xin
Fang, Lin
Li, Lin
Ma, Guohua
Wu, Kunlin
Zeng, Songjun
author_facet Xu, Xin
Fang, Lin
Li, Lin
Ma, Guohua
Wu, Kunlin
Zeng, Songjun
author_sort Xu, Xin
collection PubMed
description Paphiopedilum armeniacum is a rare orchid native to China with high ornamental value. The germination of P. armeniacum seeds is difficult, especially for the mature seeds, which is the major limitation for their large-scale reproduction. This study explored the reasons for seed germination inhibition from the aspects of the important plant endogenous hormone—abscisic acid (ABA). The major endogenous hormone contents of seeds were determined at different developmental stages. The ABA content was 5.8 ng/g in 73 days after pollination (DAP) for the immature seeds, peaked at 14.6 ng/g in 129 DAP seeds, and dropped to 2.6 ng/g in the late mature stage of the 150 DAP seeds. The reduction of ABA content in the mature seed suggests a possible contribution to the increased expression of CYP707A, an ABA catabolism gene. The germination rate of the immature seeds was reduced to 9% from 69% when 5 μg/mL ABA was added to the Hyponex N026 germination medium. The result showed that ABA can inhibit the germination of P. armeniacum immature seeds. However, for the heavily lignified mature seeds, reduction in endogenous ABA level does not result in an increase in the germination rate. Lignin accumulation in the seed coat imposes the physical dormancy for P. armeniacum. In summary, the germination of P. armeniacum is regulated by both ABA and lignin accumulation.
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spelling pubmed-77684722020-12-29 Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum Xu, Xin Fang, Lin Li, Lin Ma, Guohua Wu, Kunlin Zeng, Songjun Int J Mol Sci Article Paphiopedilum armeniacum is a rare orchid native to China with high ornamental value. The germination of P. armeniacum seeds is difficult, especially for the mature seeds, which is the major limitation for their large-scale reproduction. This study explored the reasons for seed germination inhibition from the aspects of the important plant endogenous hormone—abscisic acid (ABA). The major endogenous hormone contents of seeds were determined at different developmental stages. The ABA content was 5.8 ng/g in 73 days after pollination (DAP) for the immature seeds, peaked at 14.6 ng/g in 129 DAP seeds, and dropped to 2.6 ng/g in the late mature stage of the 150 DAP seeds. The reduction of ABA content in the mature seed suggests a possible contribution to the increased expression of CYP707A, an ABA catabolism gene. The germination rate of the immature seeds was reduced to 9% from 69% when 5 μg/mL ABA was added to the Hyponex N026 germination medium. The result showed that ABA can inhibit the germination of P. armeniacum immature seeds. However, for the heavily lignified mature seeds, reduction in endogenous ABA level does not result in an increase in the germination rate. Lignin accumulation in the seed coat imposes the physical dormancy for P. armeniacum. In summary, the germination of P. armeniacum is regulated by both ABA and lignin accumulation. MDPI 2020-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7768472/ /pubmed/33334056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249561 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xu, Xin
Fang, Lin
Li, Lin
Ma, Guohua
Wu, Kunlin
Zeng, Songjun
Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum
title Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum
title_full Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum
title_fullStr Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum
title_full_unstemmed Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum
title_short Abscisic Acid Inhibits Asymbiotic Germination of Immature Seeds of Paphiopedilum armeniacum
title_sort abscisic acid inhibits asymbiotic germination of immature seeds of paphiopedilum armeniacum
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7768472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33334056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249561
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