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Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart abnormalities during childhood. The infiltration of CD8+ T cells plays an essential role in the formation of coronary aneurysms. Follicular cytotoxic T (Tfc) cells are a newly defined subset of CD8+ T cells that express CXC-c...

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Autores principales: Xu, Meng, Liu, Jinxiang, Pan, Lu, Yang, Sirui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769354/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33350751
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000023714
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author Xu, Meng
Liu, Jinxiang
Pan, Lu
Yang, Sirui
author_facet Xu, Meng
Liu, Jinxiang
Pan, Lu
Yang, Sirui
author_sort Xu, Meng
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart abnormalities during childhood. The infiltration of CD8+ T cells plays an essential role in the formation of coronary aneurysms. Follicular cytotoxic T (Tfc) cells are a newly defined subset of CD8+ T cells that express CXC-chemokine receptor 5. The role of Tfc cells in KD is unclear. However, in this report, we present 2 KD children with sustained coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), and we found that their peripheral C-X-C Chemokine Receptor 5+ T cells contained quite amounts of CD4 negative cells. Importantly, these cells have never been reported in KD. PATIENTS CONCERNS: Case 1 was a 3-year-old boy with a complaint of continuous fever for 6 days and conjunctival injection for 3 days. Case 2 was a 6-month-old boy who was hospitalized because of persistent fever for 5 days, rashes and conjunctival injection for 1 day. DIAGNOSIS: Case 1 was diagnosed with KD according to typical symptoms and signs including fever over 5 days, conjunctival injection, rashes, swelling cervical lymph nodes and a strawberry tongue. Case 2 had atypical symptoms including persistent fever for 5 days, rashes and conjunctival injection, and he was diagnosed with KD based on the echocardiographic findings. INTERVENTION: Both the 2 patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and oral aspirin. Besides, case 1 was given the second infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous prednisolone and low-molecular-weight heparin. OUTCOMES: The CAA of case 1 did not regress until the 12th month after disease onset. The CAA of patient 2 began to regress at the third month after disease onset. During the months from disease onset to the recent follow-up, no cardiovascular events had occurred. CONCLUSIONS: We speculate that Tfc cells may be associated with the formation of CAA. Further studies with larger sample size and functional analysis of these cells are needed.
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spelling pubmed-77693542020-12-29 Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report Xu, Meng Liu, Jinxiang Pan, Lu Yang, Sirui Medicine (Baltimore) 6200 INTRODUCTION: Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired heart abnormalities during childhood. The infiltration of CD8+ T cells plays an essential role in the formation of coronary aneurysms. Follicular cytotoxic T (Tfc) cells are a newly defined subset of CD8+ T cells that express CXC-chemokine receptor 5. The role of Tfc cells in KD is unclear. However, in this report, we present 2 KD children with sustained coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), and we found that their peripheral C-X-C Chemokine Receptor 5+ T cells contained quite amounts of CD4 negative cells. Importantly, these cells have never been reported in KD. PATIENTS CONCERNS: Case 1 was a 3-year-old boy with a complaint of continuous fever for 6 days and conjunctival injection for 3 days. Case 2 was a 6-month-old boy who was hospitalized because of persistent fever for 5 days, rashes and conjunctival injection for 1 day. DIAGNOSIS: Case 1 was diagnosed with KD according to typical symptoms and signs including fever over 5 days, conjunctival injection, rashes, swelling cervical lymph nodes and a strawberry tongue. Case 2 had atypical symptoms including persistent fever for 5 days, rashes and conjunctival injection, and he was diagnosed with KD based on the echocardiographic findings. INTERVENTION: Both the 2 patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and oral aspirin. Besides, case 1 was given the second infusion of intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous prednisolone and low-molecular-weight heparin. OUTCOMES: The CAA of case 1 did not regress until the 12th month after disease onset. The CAA of patient 2 began to regress at the third month after disease onset. During the months from disease onset to the recent follow-up, no cardiovascular events had occurred. CONCLUSIONS: We speculate that Tfc cells may be associated with the formation of CAA. Further studies with larger sample size and functional analysis of these cells are needed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2020-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7769354/ /pubmed/33350751 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000023714 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
spellingShingle 6200
Xu, Meng
Liu, Jinxiang
Pan, Lu
Yang, Sirui
Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report
title Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report
title_full Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report
title_fullStr Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report
title_full_unstemmed Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report
title_short Peripheral follicular cytotoxic T -like cells in Kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: A case report
title_sort peripheral follicular cytotoxic t -like cells in kawasaki disease with coronary artery aneurysms: a case report
topic 6200
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769354/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33350751
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000023714
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