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Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ
Out‐of‐field organs are not commonly designated as dose calculation targets during radiation therapy treatment planning, but they might entail risks of second cancer. Risk components include specific internal body scatter, which is a dominant source of out‐of‐field doses, and head leakage, which can...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769416/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33128332 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13060 |
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author | Takata, Takeshi Shiraishi, Kenshiro Kumagai, Shinobu Arai, Norikazu Kobayashi, Takenori Oba, Hiroshi Okamoto, Takahide Kotoku, Jun’ichi |
author_facet | Takata, Takeshi Shiraishi, Kenshiro Kumagai, Shinobu Arai, Norikazu Kobayashi, Takenori Oba, Hiroshi Okamoto, Takahide Kotoku, Jun’ichi |
author_sort | Takata, Takeshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Out‐of‐field organs are not commonly designated as dose calculation targets during radiation therapy treatment planning, but they might entail risks of second cancer. Risk components include specific internal body scatter, which is a dominant source of out‐of‐field doses, and head leakage, which can be reduced by external shielding. Our simulation study quantifies out‐of‐field organ doses and estimates second cancer risks attributable to internal body scatter in whole‐breast radiotherapy (WBRT) with or without additional regional nodal radiotherapy (RNRT), respectively, for right and left breast cancer using Monte Carlo code PHITS. Simulations were conducted using a complete whole‐body female model. Second cancer risk was estimated using the calculated doses with a concept of excess absolute risk. Simulation results revealed marked differences between WBRT alone and WBRT plus RNRT in out‐of‐field organ doses. The ratios of mean doses between them were as large as 3.5–8.0 for the head and neck region and about 1.5–6.6 for the lower abdominal region. Potentially, most out‐of‐field organs had excess absolute risks of less than 1 per 10,000 persons‐year. Our study surveyed the respective contributions of internal body scatter to out‐of‐field organ doses and second cancer risks in breast radiotherapy on this intact female model. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7769416 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77694162020-12-31 Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ Takata, Takeshi Shiraishi, Kenshiro Kumagai, Shinobu Arai, Norikazu Kobayashi, Takenori Oba, Hiroshi Okamoto, Takahide Kotoku, Jun’ichi J Appl Clin Med Phys Radiation Oncology Physics Out‐of‐field organs are not commonly designated as dose calculation targets during radiation therapy treatment planning, but they might entail risks of second cancer. Risk components include specific internal body scatter, which is a dominant source of out‐of‐field doses, and head leakage, which can be reduced by external shielding. Our simulation study quantifies out‐of‐field organ doses and estimates second cancer risks attributable to internal body scatter in whole‐breast radiotherapy (WBRT) with or without additional regional nodal radiotherapy (RNRT), respectively, for right and left breast cancer using Monte Carlo code PHITS. Simulations were conducted using a complete whole‐body female model. Second cancer risk was estimated using the calculated doses with a concept of excess absolute risk. Simulation results revealed marked differences between WBRT alone and WBRT plus RNRT in out‐of‐field organ doses. The ratios of mean doses between them were as large as 3.5–8.0 for the head and neck region and about 1.5–6.6 for the lower abdominal region. Potentially, most out‐of‐field organs had excess absolute risks of less than 1 per 10,000 persons‐year. Our study surveyed the respective contributions of internal body scatter to out‐of‐field organ doses and second cancer risks in breast radiotherapy on this intact female model. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7769416/ /pubmed/33128332 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13060 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Radiation Oncology Physics Takata, Takeshi Shiraishi, Kenshiro Kumagai, Shinobu Arai, Norikazu Kobayashi, Takenori Oba, Hiroshi Okamoto, Takahide Kotoku, Jun’ichi Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
title | Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
title_full | Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
title_fullStr | Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
title_full_unstemmed | Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
title_short | Calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using Monte Carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
title_sort | calculating and estimating second cancer risk from breast radiotherapy using monte carlo code with internal body scatter for each out‐of‐field organ |
topic | Radiation Oncology Physics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7769416/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33128332 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acm2.13060 |
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