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Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study

OBJECTIVE: To measure age‐related changes in thoracic vertebral body heights (VBH) in skeletally immature normative and scoliotic rabbits to assess how VBH change during growth. To examine the potential link between the moment‐arm of the rib tether and vertebral wedging as well as the sum of the cur...

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Autores principales: Alfraihat, Ausilah, Olson, John Casey, Snyder, Brian D., Cahill, Patrick J., Balasubramanian, Sriram
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7770206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33392455
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1118
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author Alfraihat, Ausilah
Olson, John Casey
Snyder, Brian D.
Cahill, Patrick J.
Balasubramanian, Sriram
author_facet Alfraihat, Ausilah
Olson, John Casey
Snyder, Brian D.
Cahill, Patrick J.
Balasubramanian, Sriram
author_sort Alfraihat, Ausilah
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To measure age‐related changes in thoracic vertebral body heights (VBH) in skeletally immature normative and scoliotic rabbits to assess how VBH change during growth. To examine the potential link between the moment‐arm of the rib tether and vertebral wedging as well as the sum of the curvature angles at the apical level (T7). To assess the correlation between the magnitude of initial spine curve and final spine curve in the scoliotic group. METHODS: Eight healthy, skeletally immature normative New Zealand rabbits and ten skeletally immature scoliotic rabbits which underwent unilateral rib tethering were included retrospectively. Each rabbit was scanned at two to four time points (at 7, 11, 14 and 28 weeks). Three dimensional bone models of thoracic vertebrae (T1‐T12) were digitally segmented and reconstructed. VBH were calculated using surface landmark points from each thoracic vertebra. Apical level (T7) ± 2 levels in scoliotic rabbits were compared to their corresponding levels and time points in the normative group. The moment‐arms between the centroids of 2D projections of T3‐T9 vertebral bodies and the line which connects the centroids of the end levels were calculated. RESULTS: Bilateral left‐right (L‐R) symmetry and anterior‐posterior (A‐P) asymmetry were observed in normative VBH. Bilateral concave‐convex (CC‐CX) asymmetry and (A‐P) asymmetry were observed in scoliotic VBH. No significant differences in growth rates were found between the normative and scoliotic groups. Vertebral wedging as well as curvature magnitude were positively correlated with the moment‐arms. CONCLUSION: Unilateral rib tether applies compressive forces on both concave and convex sides, whereas compressive forces are lower on the latter. Knowing the amount of vertebral wedging or curve magnitude would enable us to predict the applied force (moment‐arms), which is important for planning a corrective surgery.
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spelling pubmed-77702062020-12-31 Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study Alfraihat, Ausilah Olson, John Casey Snyder, Brian D. Cahill, Patrick J. Balasubramanian, Sriram JOR Spine Research Articles OBJECTIVE: To measure age‐related changes in thoracic vertebral body heights (VBH) in skeletally immature normative and scoliotic rabbits to assess how VBH change during growth. To examine the potential link between the moment‐arm of the rib tether and vertebral wedging as well as the sum of the curvature angles at the apical level (T7). To assess the correlation between the magnitude of initial spine curve and final spine curve in the scoliotic group. METHODS: Eight healthy, skeletally immature normative New Zealand rabbits and ten skeletally immature scoliotic rabbits which underwent unilateral rib tethering were included retrospectively. Each rabbit was scanned at two to four time points (at 7, 11, 14 and 28 weeks). Three dimensional bone models of thoracic vertebrae (T1‐T12) were digitally segmented and reconstructed. VBH were calculated using surface landmark points from each thoracic vertebra. Apical level (T7) ± 2 levels in scoliotic rabbits were compared to their corresponding levels and time points in the normative group. The moment‐arms between the centroids of 2D projections of T3‐T9 vertebral bodies and the line which connects the centroids of the end levels were calculated. RESULTS: Bilateral left‐right (L‐R) symmetry and anterior‐posterior (A‐P) asymmetry were observed in normative VBH. Bilateral concave‐convex (CC‐CX) asymmetry and (A‐P) asymmetry were observed in scoliotic VBH. No significant differences in growth rates were found between the normative and scoliotic groups. Vertebral wedging as well as curvature magnitude were positively correlated with the moment‐arms. CONCLUSION: Unilateral rib tether applies compressive forces on both concave and convex sides, whereas compressive forces are lower on the latter. Knowing the amount of vertebral wedging or curve magnitude would enable us to predict the applied force (moment‐arms), which is important for planning a corrective surgery. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2020-09-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7770206/ /pubmed/33392455 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1118 Text en © 2020 The Authors. JOR Spine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Alfraihat, Ausilah
Olson, John Casey
Snyder, Brian D.
Cahill, Patrick J.
Balasubramanian, Sriram
Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study
title Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study
title_full Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study
title_fullStr Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study
title_full_unstemmed Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study
title_short Thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: A Longitudinal study
title_sort thoracic vertebral morphology in normal and scoliosis deformity in skeletally immature rabbits: a longitudinal study
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7770206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33392455
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsp2.1118
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