Extracellular microvesicles that originated adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells have the potential ability to improve rheumatoid arthritis on mice

INTRODUCTION: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising therapeutic tools in regenerative medicine. In particularly adipose tissue derived MSC (AMSC) has powerful potential for the therapeutics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) because these cells can control immune balance. RA systemically occurs autoimmune disease. Interestingly, IL-1 receptor antagonist deficient (IL-1ra(−/−)) mice induce inflammation in joints like RA. In RA therapy, although AMSC improves the inflammation activity, it is little known to play roles of extracellular microvesicles (EV) for improvement of RA. To clarify the MSC-derived EVs are involved amelioration mechanisms for RA by themselves, we examined the functional effects of development for RA by AMSC-EVs. METHODS: We isolated AMSCs derived mice adipose tissue and purified EVs from the culture supernatant of AMSCs. To examine whether EVs can improve RA, we administrated EVs or AMSCs to IL-1ra knockout mice as RA model mice. We analyzed EVs-included factor by western blot methods and RA improvement effect by ELISA. RESULTS: In this study, we showed that the swellings of joints on mice in wild type AMSC and that in AMSC-EVs decreased than that in IL-1ra(−/−) mice-AMSC-EVs and in none-treated. We detected IL-1ra expression in AMSC-EVs in wild type mice but not that in IL-1ra(−/−) mice. Proinflammatory cytokine expression changes in mice showed in AMSCs and AMSC-EVs, but no apparent differences cytokine expressions were detected in IL-1ra(−/−) mice. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we concluded that MSCs might improve RA by the transferring of factors such as IL-1ra, which are included their MSC derived- EVs.