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Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract

The main surgical strategy for gastrointestinal tract malignancy is en bloc resection, which consists of not only resection of the involved organs but also simultaneous resection of the surrounding or adjacent mesenteries that contain lymph vessels and nodes. After resection of the diseased organs,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kanetaka, Kengo, Eguchi, Susumu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7770370/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33426211
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reth.2020.07.002
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author Kanetaka, Kengo
Eguchi, Susumu
author_facet Kanetaka, Kengo
Eguchi, Susumu
author_sort Kanetaka, Kengo
collection PubMed
description The main surgical strategy for gastrointestinal tract malignancy is en bloc resection, which consists of not only resection of the involved organs but also simultaneous resection of the surrounding or adjacent mesenteries that contain lymph vessels and nodes. After resection of the diseased organs, the defect of the gastrointestinal conduit is replaced with organs located downstream, such as the stomach and jejunum. However, esophageal and gastric reconstruction using these natural substitutes is associated with a diminished quality of life due to the loss of the reserve function, damage to the antireflux barrier, and dumping syndrome. Thus, replacement of the deficit after resection with the patient's own regenerated tissue to compensate for the lost function and tissue using regenerative medicine will be an ideal treatment. Many researchers have been trying to construct artificial organs through tissue engineering techniques; however, none have yet succeeded in growing a whole organ because of the complicated functions these organs perform, such as the processing and absorption of nutrients. While exciting results have been reported with regard to tissue engineering techniques concerning the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus and stomach, most of these achievements have been observed in animal models, and few successful approaches in the clinical setting have been reported for the replacement of mucosal defects. We review the recent progress in regenerative medicine in relation to the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus and stomach. We also focus on the functional capacity of regenerated tissue and its role as a culture system to recapitulate the mechanisms underlying infectious disease. With the emergence of technology such as the fabrication of decellularized constructs, organoids and cell sheet medicine, collaboration between gastrointestinal surgery and regenerative medicine is expected to help establish novel therapeutic modalities in the future.
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spelling pubmed-77703702021-01-08 Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract Kanetaka, Kengo Eguchi, Susumu Regen Ther Review The main surgical strategy for gastrointestinal tract malignancy is en bloc resection, which consists of not only resection of the involved organs but also simultaneous resection of the surrounding or adjacent mesenteries that contain lymph vessels and nodes. After resection of the diseased organs, the defect of the gastrointestinal conduit is replaced with organs located downstream, such as the stomach and jejunum. However, esophageal and gastric reconstruction using these natural substitutes is associated with a diminished quality of life due to the loss of the reserve function, damage to the antireflux barrier, and dumping syndrome. Thus, replacement of the deficit after resection with the patient's own regenerated tissue to compensate for the lost function and tissue using regenerative medicine will be an ideal treatment. Many researchers have been trying to construct artificial organs through tissue engineering techniques; however, none have yet succeeded in growing a whole organ because of the complicated functions these organs perform, such as the processing and absorption of nutrients. While exciting results have been reported with regard to tissue engineering techniques concerning the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus and stomach, most of these achievements have been observed in animal models, and few successful approaches in the clinical setting have been reported for the replacement of mucosal defects. We review the recent progress in regenerative medicine in relation to the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus and stomach. We also focus on the functional capacity of regenerated tissue and its role as a culture system to recapitulate the mechanisms underlying infectious disease. With the emergence of technology such as the fabrication of decellularized constructs, organoids and cell sheet medicine, collaboration between gastrointestinal surgery and regenerative medicine is expected to help establish novel therapeutic modalities in the future. Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine 2020-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7770370/ /pubmed/33426211 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reth.2020.07.002 Text en © 2020 The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kanetaka, Kengo
Eguchi, Susumu
Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
title Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
title_full Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
title_fullStr Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
title_full_unstemmed Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
title_short Regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
title_sort regenerative medicine for the upper gastrointestinal tract
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7770370/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33426211
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reth.2020.07.002
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