Synthesis of SnO(2) nanoparticles for formaldehyde detection with high sensitivity and good selectivity

During the detection of industrial hazardous gases, like formaldehyde (HCHO), the selectivity is still a challenging issue. Herein, an alternative HCHO chemosensor that based on the tin oxide nanoparticles is proposed, which was obtained through a facile hydrothermal method. Gas sensing performances showed that the optimal working temperature located at only 180 °C, the response value of 79 via 50 ppm HCHO was much higher than that of 35 at 230 °C. However, the compromised test temperature was selected as 230 °C, taking into account the faster response/recovery speeds than 180 °C, named 20/23versus 53/60 s, respectively. The response (35) of the SnO(2) nanoparticles-based sensor to 50 ppm of HCHO is about 400% higher than that of bulk SnO(2) sensor (9), especially when the gas concentration is 1 ppm, SnO(2) nanoparticles also has a higher sensitivity which may possibly result from more exposed active sites and small size effect for nanoparticles than for bulk ones. The gas sensor based on SnO(2) nanoparticles can be utilized as a promising candidate for practical low-temperature detectors of HCHO due to its higher gas response, excellent response–recovery properties, and perfect selectivity.