Anterior hip dislocation with simultaneous anterior column and anterior wall acetabular fracture: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Isolated anterior column and anterior wall fractures are a relatively rare subgroup of acetabular fractures. They represent 6,3% of all acetabular fractures. Surgical treatment is indicated for fractures with displacement more than 5 mm and when incongruence of the articular surface and/or instability of the joint is evident, in order to allow early mobilization and prevent further complications, such as posttraumatic hip arthritis. Open reduction and internal fixation is the usual standard of care. Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation can be performed in minimally displaced fractures. In the herein article, we describe the unique combination of anterior hip dislocation along with anterior column and anterior wall fractures in a middle-aged patient, after a fall from small height. CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old female patient was brought to the emergency department after an accidental fall from height less than 2 m. Upon arrival her right hip was abducted, shortened and externally rotated. CT scan of the pelvis revealed anterior dislocation of the right hip, an impaction injury of the femoral head, and fractures of anterior column and anterior wall of the acetabulum. Closed reduction of the hip was performed. Open reduction and internal fixation of the fractures was carried out utilizing the extended Smith-Petersen approach in a scheduled manner 5 days after admission. At one-year follow-up after the injury the patient had returned to all of her pre-injury activities and she was able to walk exercising full weight bearing without residual pain. CONCLUSION: Anterior hip dislocation with simultaneous isolated anterior column and anterior wall fracture is an injury of rare incidence. Orthopaedic surgeons treating fractures should be aware of this entity and the herein article can serve as a reference regarding the management of such an uncommon injury.