Lumbosacral polyradiculitis associated with brucellosis

INTRODUCTION: Brucellosis is a bacterial disease caused by different species of Brucella. Neurobrucellosis is one of the complications of brucellosis and polyradiculopathy is an uncommon manifestation. CASE REPORT: In this article we report a 29-year-old male patient diagnosed with neurobrucellosis who presented with subacute lower limbs weakness and inability to walk in the last 50 days. The patient declared usage of non-pasteurized dairy products in his past medical history. Diagnosis was confirmed by the LP of CSF and serological tests. Although PCR for Brucella was negative, Wright, Coombs Wright and 2ME tests were reported positive in both CSF and serum. MRI and EMG were also performed that highlighted polyradiculopathy. After six months treatment, complete clinical recovery along with elimination of nerve root enhancement in MRI by injection in the lumbosacral region was seen. CONCLUSION: Neurobrucellosis is a serious manifestation of Brucellosis that can have many side effects. Therefore, clinicians must pay attention to the neurological manifestations of this disease, but also reduce the effects of this disease by accelerating the start of treatment.