The Influence of Tomographic Corneal Characteristics on Epithelial Thickness Profile

Purpose To understand the influence of tomographic corneal characteristics on the epithelium of normal eyes. Methods We scanned a total of 98 eyes of 98 individuals using anterior segment tomography and a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) epithelial mapping tool. Only eyes with no previous pathology were included, with a refractive range of +5 diopters (D) to -6 D, intraocular pressure of < 22 mmHg, and no evidence of dry eye (Schirmer’s test 2 value > 5 mm). Corneal curvature metrics were statistically correlated with regional epithelial thickness parameters. Results The anterior and posterior corneal surface flat and steep axis, the maximum and minimum curvature, corneal topographic astigmatism, astigmatism polar values, and corneal volume had no statistically significant correlation (p>0.05) with the epithelial thickness. Similarly, anterior corneal surface asphericity had no significant correlation. Posterior surface asphericity had a statistically significant moderate correlation with the epithelium in all areas. Similar results were seen in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions None of the front or back surface parameters had any influence on the corneal epithelium except for the posterior surface asphericity. This statistically significant yet clinically insignificant correlation may be enhanced in diseased populations like keratoconus and could indicate epithelial remodeling with early posterior corneal changes.