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Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review
The COVID-19, caused by a novel coronavirus, was declared as a global pandemic by WHO more than five months ago, and we are still experiencing a state of global emergency. More than 74.30 million confirmed cases of the COVID-19 have been reported globally so far, with an average fatality rate of alm...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7773542/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33398233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.033 |
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author | Rehman, Muhammad Fayyaz ur Fariha, Chaudhary Anwar, Aqsa Shahzad, Naveed Ahmad, Munir Mukhtar, Salma Farhan Ul Haque, Muhammad |
author_facet | Rehman, Muhammad Fayyaz ur Fariha, Chaudhary Anwar, Aqsa Shahzad, Naveed Ahmad, Munir Mukhtar, Salma Farhan Ul Haque, Muhammad |
author_sort | Rehman, Muhammad Fayyaz ur |
collection | PubMed |
description | The COVID-19, caused by a novel coronavirus, was declared as a global pandemic by WHO more than five months ago, and we are still experiencing a state of global emergency. More than 74.30 million confirmed cases of the COVID-19 have been reported globally so far, with an average fatality rate of almost 3.0%. Seven different types of coronaviruses had been detected from humans; three of them have resulted in severe outbreaks, i.e., MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Phylogenetic analysis of the genomes suggests that the possible occurrence of recombination between SARS-like-CoVs from pangolin and bat might have led to the origin of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 outbreak. Coronaviruses are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses and harbour a genome (30 kb) consisting of two terminal untranslated regions and twelve putative functional open reading frames (ORFs), encoding for non-structural and structural proteins. There are sixteen putative non-structural proteins, including proteases, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, helicase, other proteins involved in the transcription and replication of SARS-CoV-2, and four structural proteins, including spike protein (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a heavy viral load in the body, destroys the human lungs through cytokine storm, especially in elderly persons and people with immunosuppressed disorders. A number of drugs have been repurposed and employed, but still, no specific antiviral medicine has been approved by the FDA to treat this disease. This review provides a current status of the COVID-19, epidemiology, an overview of phylogeny, mode of action, diagnosis, and possible treatment methods and vaccines. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7773542 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77735422020-12-31 Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review Rehman, Muhammad Fayyaz ur Fariha, Chaudhary Anwar, Aqsa Shahzad, Naveed Ahmad, Munir Mukhtar, Salma Farhan Ul Haque, Muhammad Comput Struct Biotechnol J Review Article The COVID-19, caused by a novel coronavirus, was declared as a global pandemic by WHO more than five months ago, and we are still experiencing a state of global emergency. More than 74.30 million confirmed cases of the COVID-19 have been reported globally so far, with an average fatality rate of almost 3.0%. Seven different types of coronaviruses had been detected from humans; three of them have resulted in severe outbreaks, i.e., MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Phylogenetic analysis of the genomes suggests that the possible occurrence of recombination between SARS-like-CoVs from pangolin and bat might have led to the origin of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 outbreak. Coronaviruses are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses and harbour a genome (30 kb) consisting of two terminal untranslated regions and twelve putative functional open reading frames (ORFs), encoding for non-structural and structural proteins. There are sixteen putative non-structural proteins, including proteases, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, helicase, other proteins involved in the transcription and replication of SARS-CoV-2, and four structural proteins, including spike protein (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a heavy viral load in the body, destroys the human lungs through cytokine storm, especially in elderly persons and people with immunosuppressed disorders. A number of drugs have been repurposed and employed, but still, no specific antiviral medicine has been approved by the FDA to treat this disease. This review provides a current status of the COVID-19, epidemiology, an overview of phylogeny, mode of action, diagnosis, and possible treatment methods and vaccines. Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology 2020-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7773542/ /pubmed/33398233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.033 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Article Rehman, Muhammad Fayyaz ur Fariha, Chaudhary Anwar, Aqsa Shahzad, Naveed Ahmad, Munir Mukhtar, Salma Farhan Ul Haque, Muhammad Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review |
title | Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review |
title_full | Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review |
title_fullStr | Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review |
title_full_unstemmed | Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review |
title_short | Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: A recent mini review |
title_sort | novel coronavirus disease (covid-19) pandemic: a recent mini review |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7773542/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33398233 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.033 |
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