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Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians

The exceptional pandemic due to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has obliged all Italians to stay at home. In the literature, there are evidences that traumatic global events, such as natural catastrophes and pandemic, have negative effects on the physical and psychological health of the popu...

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Autores principales: Tommasi, Marco, Toro, Francesca, Arnò, Simone, Carrieri, Angelo, Conte, Marco Maria, Devastato, Marianna Daria, Picconi, Laura, Sergi, Maria Rita, Saggino, Aristide
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7773646/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33391079
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.563722
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author Tommasi, Marco
Toro, Francesca
Arnò, Simone
Carrieri, Angelo
Conte, Marco Maria
Devastato, Marianna Daria
Picconi, Laura
Sergi, Maria Rita
Saggino, Aristide
author_facet Tommasi, Marco
Toro, Francesca
Arnò, Simone
Carrieri, Angelo
Conte, Marco Maria
Devastato, Marianna Daria
Picconi, Laura
Sergi, Maria Rita
Saggino, Aristide
author_sort Tommasi, Marco
collection PubMed
description The exceptional pandemic due to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has obliged all Italians to stay at home. In the literature, there are evidences that traumatic global events, such as natural catastrophes and pandemic, have negative effects on the physical and psychological health of the population. We carried out a survey to analyze the physical and psychological conditions of Italians during the pandemic. Due to the severe limitations in moving during the phase one lockdown, the survey was administered by internet. Results show that Italians followed the provisions established by the Italian government to avoid contamination, but 43% of them declared to have suffered from physical symptoms, in particular migraine, sleep disorders, persistent exhaustion, and difficulty of concentration. They have great fear to be contaminated or that relatives or friends can be contaminated, and they actively take actions to avoid contamination. Participants declared that they had suffered a lot of inconveniences due to restrictions in their movements, and that their life habits were strongly changed. They spent their time at home in different activities, but their psychological well-being was strongly impaired by the lockdown. The level of anxiety tripled, in relation to the prepandemic period, and 30% of males and 41% of females declared to have severe levels of depression. Participants with high levels of optimism and hopefulness show a stronger resilience against anxiety and depression. In addition, there is a negative correlation between anxiety and depression and the five factors of personality. These results show that psychological diseases must not be neglected, and that people in lockdown do need support for their psychological health, also with the help of internet and communication technologies.
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spelling pubmed-77736462021-01-01 Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians Tommasi, Marco Toro, Francesca Arnò, Simone Carrieri, Angelo Conte, Marco Maria Devastato, Marianna Daria Picconi, Laura Sergi, Maria Rita Saggino, Aristide Front Psychol Psychology The exceptional pandemic due to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has obliged all Italians to stay at home. In the literature, there are evidences that traumatic global events, such as natural catastrophes and pandemic, have negative effects on the physical and psychological health of the population. We carried out a survey to analyze the physical and psychological conditions of Italians during the pandemic. Due to the severe limitations in moving during the phase one lockdown, the survey was administered by internet. Results show that Italians followed the provisions established by the Italian government to avoid contamination, but 43% of them declared to have suffered from physical symptoms, in particular migraine, sleep disorders, persistent exhaustion, and difficulty of concentration. They have great fear to be contaminated or that relatives or friends can be contaminated, and they actively take actions to avoid contamination. Participants declared that they had suffered a lot of inconveniences due to restrictions in their movements, and that their life habits were strongly changed. They spent their time at home in different activities, but their psychological well-being was strongly impaired by the lockdown. The level of anxiety tripled, in relation to the prepandemic period, and 30% of males and 41% of females declared to have severe levels of depression. Participants with high levels of optimism and hopefulness show a stronger resilience against anxiety and depression. In addition, there is a negative correlation between anxiety and depression and the five factors of personality. These results show that psychological diseases must not be neglected, and that people in lockdown do need support for their psychological health, also with the help of internet and communication technologies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7773646/ /pubmed/33391079 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.563722 Text en Copyright © 2020 Tommasi, Toro, Arnò, Carrieri, Conte, Devastato, Picconi, Sergi and Saggino. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Tommasi, Marco
Toro, Francesca
Arnò, Simone
Carrieri, Angelo
Conte, Marco Maria
Devastato, Marianna Daria
Picconi, Laura
Sergi, Maria Rita
Saggino, Aristide
Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians
title Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians
title_full Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians
title_fullStr Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians
title_full_unstemmed Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians
title_short Physical and Psychological Impact of the Phase One Lockdown for COVID-19 on Italians
title_sort physical and psychological impact of the phase one lockdown for covid-19 on italians
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7773646/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33391079
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.563722
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