Cargando…
Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine
Global climate change and the expected increase in temperature are altering the relationship between geography and grapevine (V. vinifera) varietal performance, and the implications of which are yet to be fully understood. We investigated berry phenology and biochemistry of 30 cultivars, 20 red and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774500/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33391301 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.588739 |
_version_ | 1783630280135802880 |
---|---|
author | Gashu, Kelem Sikron Persi, Noga Drori, Elyashiv Harcavi, Eran Agam, Nurit Bustan, Amnon Fait, Aaron |
author_facet | Gashu, Kelem Sikron Persi, Noga Drori, Elyashiv Harcavi, Eran Agam, Nurit Bustan, Amnon Fait, Aaron |
author_sort | Gashu, Kelem |
collection | PubMed |
description | Global climate change and the expected increase in temperature are altering the relationship between geography and grapevine (V. vinifera) varietal performance, and the implications of which are yet to be fully understood. We investigated berry phenology and biochemistry of 30 cultivars, 20 red and 10 white, across three seasons (2017–2019) in response to a consistent average temperature difference of 1.5°C during the growing season between two experimental sites. The experiments were conducted at Ramat Negev (RN) and Ramon (MR) vineyards, located in the Negev desert, Israel. A significant interaction between vineyard location, season, and variety affected phenology and berry indices. The warmer RN site was generally associated with an advanced phenological course for the white cultivars, which reached harvest up to 2 weeks earlier than at the MR site. The white cultivars also showed stronger correlation between non-consecutive phenological stages than did the red ones. In contrast, harvest time of red cultivars considerably varied according to seasons and sites. Warmer conditions extended fruit developmental phases, causing berry shriveling and cluster collapse in a few cultivars such as Pinot Noir, Ruby Cabernet, and Tempranillo. Analyses of organic acid content suggested differences between red and white cultivars in the content of malate, tartrate, and citrate in response to the temperature difference between sites. However, generally, cultivars at lower temperatures exhibited lower concentrations of pulp organic acids at véraison, but acid degradation until harvest was reduced, compared to the significant pace of acid decline at the warmer site. Sugars showed the greatest differences between sites in both white and red berries at véraison, but differences were seasonal dependent. At harvest, cultivars of both groups exhibited significant variation in hexose/sucrose ratio, and the averages of which varied from 1.6 to 2.9. Hexose/sucrose ratio was significantly higher among the red cultivars at the warmer RN, while this tendency was very slight among white cultivars. White cultivars seem to harbor a considerable degree of resilience due to a combination of earlier and shorter ripening phase, which avoids most of the summer heat. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the extensive genetic capacity of V. vinifera bears significant potential and plasticity to withstand the temperature increase associated with climate change. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7774500 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77745002021-01-01 Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine Gashu, Kelem Sikron Persi, Noga Drori, Elyashiv Harcavi, Eran Agam, Nurit Bustan, Amnon Fait, Aaron Front Plant Sci Plant Science Global climate change and the expected increase in temperature are altering the relationship between geography and grapevine (V. vinifera) varietal performance, and the implications of which are yet to be fully understood. We investigated berry phenology and biochemistry of 30 cultivars, 20 red and 10 white, across three seasons (2017–2019) in response to a consistent average temperature difference of 1.5°C during the growing season between two experimental sites. The experiments were conducted at Ramat Negev (RN) and Ramon (MR) vineyards, located in the Negev desert, Israel. A significant interaction between vineyard location, season, and variety affected phenology and berry indices. The warmer RN site was generally associated with an advanced phenological course for the white cultivars, which reached harvest up to 2 weeks earlier than at the MR site. The white cultivars also showed stronger correlation between non-consecutive phenological stages than did the red ones. In contrast, harvest time of red cultivars considerably varied according to seasons and sites. Warmer conditions extended fruit developmental phases, causing berry shriveling and cluster collapse in a few cultivars such as Pinot Noir, Ruby Cabernet, and Tempranillo. Analyses of organic acid content suggested differences between red and white cultivars in the content of malate, tartrate, and citrate in response to the temperature difference between sites. However, generally, cultivars at lower temperatures exhibited lower concentrations of pulp organic acids at véraison, but acid degradation until harvest was reduced, compared to the significant pace of acid decline at the warmer site. Sugars showed the greatest differences between sites in both white and red berries at véraison, but differences were seasonal dependent. At harvest, cultivars of both groups exhibited significant variation in hexose/sucrose ratio, and the averages of which varied from 1.6 to 2.9. Hexose/sucrose ratio was significantly higher among the red cultivars at the warmer RN, while this tendency was very slight among white cultivars. White cultivars seem to harbor a considerable degree of resilience due to a combination of earlier and shorter ripening phase, which avoids most of the summer heat. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the extensive genetic capacity of V. vinifera bears significant potential and plasticity to withstand the temperature increase associated with climate change. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7774500/ /pubmed/33391301 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.588739 Text en Copyright © 2020 Gashu, Sikron Persi, Drori, Harcavi, Agam, Bustan and Fait. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Gashu, Kelem Sikron Persi, Noga Drori, Elyashiv Harcavi, Eran Agam, Nurit Bustan, Amnon Fait, Aaron Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine |
title | Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine |
title_full | Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine |
title_fullStr | Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine |
title_full_unstemmed | Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine |
title_short | Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine |
title_sort | temperature shift between vineyards modulates berry phenology and primary metabolism in a varietal collection of wine grapevine |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774500/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33391301 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.588739 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gashukelem temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine AT sikronpersinoga temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine AT drorielyashiv temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine AT harcavieran temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine AT agamnurit temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine AT bustanamnon temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine AT faitaaron temperatureshiftbetweenvineyardsmodulatesberryphenologyandprimarymetabolisminavarietalcollectionofwinegrapevine |