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Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next?
Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian malaria parasite, has been in the limelight since a large focus of human P. knowlesi infection was reported from Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo) in 2004. Although this infection is transmitted across Southeast Asia, the largest number of cases has been reported from Malaysia...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774830/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33382697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008900 |
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author | Jeyaprakasam, Nantha Kumar Liew, Jonathan Wee Kent Low, Van Lun Wan-Sulaiman, Wan-Yusoff Vythilingam, Indra |
author_facet | Jeyaprakasam, Nantha Kumar Liew, Jonathan Wee Kent Low, Van Lun Wan-Sulaiman, Wan-Yusoff Vythilingam, Indra |
author_sort | Jeyaprakasam, Nantha Kumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian malaria parasite, has been in the limelight since a large focus of human P. knowlesi infection was reported from Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo) in 2004. Although this infection is transmitted across Southeast Asia, the largest number of cases has been reported from Malaysia. The increasing number of knowlesi malaria cases has been attributed to the use of molecular tools for detection, but environmental changes including deforestation likely play a major role by increasing human exposure to vector mosquitoes, which coexist with the macaque host. In addition, with the reduction in human malaria transmission in Southeast Asia, it is possible that human populations are at a greater risk of P. knowlesi infection due to diminishing cross-species immunity. Furthermore, the possibility of increasing exposure of humans to other simian Plasmodium parasites such as Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium inui should not be ignored. We here review the current status of these parasites in humans, macaques, and mosquitoes to support necessary reorientation of malaria control and elimination in the affected areas. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7774830 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77748302021-01-07 Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? Jeyaprakasam, Nantha Kumar Liew, Jonathan Wee Kent Low, Van Lun Wan-Sulaiman, Wan-Yusoff Vythilingam, Indra PLoS Negl Trop Dis Review Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian malaria parasite, has been in the limelight since a large focus of human P. knowlesi infection was reported from Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo) in 2004. Although this infection is transmitted across Southeast Asia, the largest number of cases has been reported from Malaysia. The increasing number of knowlesi malaria cases has been attributed to the use of molecular tools for detection, but environmental changes including deforestation likely play a major role by increasing human exposure to vector mosquitoes, which coexist with the macaque host. In addition, with the reduction in human malaria transmission in Southeast Asia, it is possible that human populations are at a greater risk of P. knowlesi infection due to diminishing cross-species immunity. Furthermore, the possibility of increasing exposure of humans to other simian Plasmodium parasites such as Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium inui should not be ignored. We here review the current status of these parasites in humans, macaques, and mosquitoes to support necessary reorientation of malaria control and elimination in the affected areas. Public Library of Science 2020-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7774830/ /pubmed/33382697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008900 Text en © 2020 Jeyaprakasam et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Review Jeyaprakasam, Nantha Kumar Liew, Jonathan Wee Kent Low, Van Lun Wan-Sulaiman, Wan-Yusoff Vythilingam, Indra Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? |
title | Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? |
title_full | Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? |
title_fullStr | Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? |
title_full_unstemmed | Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? |
title_short | Plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in Southeast Asia: What’s next? |
title_sort | plasmodium knowlesi infecting humans in southeast asia: what’s next? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774830/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33382697 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008900 |
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