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Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital
A growing body of evidence links the late chronotype to mental illness, aggression, and aversive personality traits. However, much of what we know about these associations is based on healthy cohorts, and it is unclear how individuals with high levels of aggression, including forensic psychiatric po...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7775360/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33391041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.550597 |
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author | Belfry, Kimberly D. Deibel, Scott H. Kolla, Nathan J. |
author_facet | Belfry, Kimberly D. Deibel, Scott H. Kolla, Nathan J. |
author_sort | Belfry, Kimberly D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | A growing body of evidence links the late chronotype to mental illness, aggression, and aversive personality traits. However, much of what we know about these associations is based on healthy cohorts, and it is unclear how individuals with high levels of aggression, including forensic psychiatric populations, but not offenders, are affected. The present study aimed to measure chronotype in a forensic psychiatric inpatient population, evaluate the impact of diagnosis, and identify any interactive relationships between chronotype, diagnosis, aggression, and dark triad traits. Subjects completed the reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire–Short Form (BPAQ-SF), and Short Dark Triad Questionnaire (SD3). We sampled 55 forensic psychiatric patients (52 males) between the ages of 23 and 73 years (mean ± SD: 39.6 ± 14.3 years). Among the patients sampled, 25% were evening types and 36% were morning types. Eveningness was greater in patients with a personality disorder; however, no chronotype differences were found for psychosis patients. Patients without psychosis had a positive association between anger and eveningness, as well as between hostility and eveningness. For subjects with a substance use disorder, morningness was positively associated with narcissism. Conversely, an association between eveningness and greater narcissism was identified in patients who did not have a substance use disorder. These findings suggest that, compared to the general population, evening types are more prevalent in forensic psychiatric populations, with the strongest preference among patients diagnosed with a personality disorder. No differences in chronotype were identified for psychosis patients, which may be related to anti-psychotic medication dosing. Given the sex distribution of the sample, these findings may be more relevant to male populations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7775360 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77753602021-01-02 Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital Belfry, Kimberly D. Deibel, Scott H. Kolla, Nathan J. Front Psychiatry Psychiatry A growing body of evidence links the late chronotype to mental illness, aggression, and aversive personality traits. However, much of what we know about these associations is based on healthy cohorts, and it is unclear how individuals with high levels of aggression, including forensic psychiatric populations, but not offenders, are affected. The present study aimed to measure chronotype in a forensic psychiatric inpatient population, evaluate the impact of diagnosis, and identify any interactive relationships between chronotype, diagnosis, aggression, and dark triad traits. Subjects completed the reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire–Short Form (BPAQ-SF), and Short Dark Triad Questionnaire (SD3). We sampled 55 forensic psychiatric patients (52 males) between the ages of 23 and 73 years (mean ± SD: 39.6 ± 14.3 years). Among the patients sampled, 25% were evening types and 36% were morning types. Eveningness was greater in patients with a personality disorder; however, no chronotype differences were found for psychosis patients. Patients without psychosis had a positive association between anger and eveningness, as well as between hostility and eveningness. For subjects with a substance use disorder, morningness was positively associated with narcissism. Conversely, an association between eveningness and greater narcissism was identified in patients who did not have a substance use disorder. These findings suggest that, compared to the general population, evening types are more prevalent in forensic psychiatric populations, with the strongest preference among patients diagnosed with a personality disorder. No differences in chronotype were identified for psychosis patients, which may be related to anti-psychotic medication dosing. Given the sex distribution of the sample, these findings may be more relevant to male populations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7775360/ /pubmed/33391041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.550597 Text en Copyright © 2020 Belfry, Deibel and Kolla. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Belfry, Kimberly D. Deibel, Scott H. Kolla, Nathan J. Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital |
title | Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital |
title_full | Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital |
title_fullStr | Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital |
title_full_unstemmed | Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital |
title_short | Time of Day Matters: An Exploratory Assessment of Chronotype in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital |
title_sort | time of day matters: an exploratory assessment of chronotype in a forensic psychiatric hospital |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7775360/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33391041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.550597 |
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