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Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex
An expanded cortex is a hallmark of human neurodevelopment and endows increased cognitive capabilities. Recent work has shown that the cell cycle-related gene NDE1 is essential for proper cortical development. Patients who have mutations in NDE1 exhibit congenital microcephaly as a primary phenotype...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7775536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33390896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.617513 |
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author | Soto-Perez, Jaseph Baumgartner, Marybeth Kanadia, Rahul N. |
author_facet | Soto-Perez, Jaseph Baumgartner, Marybeth Kanadia, Rahul N. |
author_sort | Soto-Perez, Jaseph |
collection | PubMed |
description | An expanded cortex is a hallmark of human neurodevelopment and endows increased cognitive capabilities. Recent work has shown that the cell cycle-related gene NDE1 is essential for proper cortical development. Patients who have mutations in NDE1 exhibit congenital microcephaly as a primary phenotype. At the cellular level, NDE1 is essential for interkinetic nuclear migration and mitosis of radial glial cells, which translates to an indispensable role in neurodevelopment. The nuclear migration function of NDE1 is well conserved across Opisthokonta. In mammals, multiple isoforms containing alternate terminal exons, which influence the functionality of NDE1, have been reported. It has been noted that the pattern of terminal exon usage mirrors patterns of cortical complexity in mammals. To provide context to these findings, here, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature regarding NDE1, its molecular biology and physiological relevance at the cellular and organismal levels. In particular, we outline the potential roles of NDE1 in progenitor cell behavior and explore the spectrum of NDE1 pathogenic variants. Moreover, we assessed the evolutionary conservation of NDE1 and interrogated whether the usage of alternative terminal exons is characteristic of species with gyrencephalic cortices. We found that gyrencephalic species are more likely to express transcripts that use the human-associated terminal exon, whereas lissencephalic species tend to express transcripts that use the mouse-associated terminal exon. Among gyrencephalic species, the human-associated terminal exon was preferentially expressed by those with a high order of gyrification. These findings underscore phylogenetic relationships between the preferential usage of NDE1 terminal exon and high-order gyrification, which provide insight into cortical evolution underlying high-order brain functions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7775536 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-77755362021-01-02 Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex Soto-Perez, Jaseph Baumgartner, Marybeth Kanadia, Rahul N. Front Neurosci Neuroscience An expanded cortex is a hallmark of human neurodevelopment and endows increased cognitive capabilities. Recent work has shown that the cell cycle-related gene NDE1 is essential for proper cortical development. Patients who have mutations in NDE1 exhibit congenital microcephaly as a primary phenotype. At the cellular level, NDE1 is essential for interkinetic nuclear migration and mitosis of radial glial cells, which translates to an indispensable role in neurodevelopment. The nuclear migration function of NDE1 is well conserved across Opisthokonta. In mammals, multiple isoforms containing alternate terminal exons, which influence the functionality of NDE1, have been reported. It has been noted that the pattern of terminal exon usage mirrors patterns of cortical complexity in mammals. To provide context to these findings, here, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature regarding NDE1, its molecular biology and physiological relevance at the cellular and organismal levels. In particular, we outline the potential roles of NDE1 in progenitor cell behavior and explore the spectrum of NDE1 pathogenic variants. Moreover, we assessed the evolutionary conservation of NDE1 and interrogated whether the usage of alternative terminal exons is characteristic of species with gyrencephalic cortices. We found that gyrencephalic species are more likely to express transcripts that use the human-associated terminal exon, whereas lissencephalic species tend to express transcripts that use the mouse-associated terminal exon. Among gyrencephalic species, the human-associated terminal exon was preferentially expressed by those with a high order of gyrification. These findings underscore phylogenetic relationships between the preferential usage of NDE1 terminal exon and high-order gyrification, which provide insight into cortical evolution underlying high-order brain functions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7775536/ /pubmed/33390896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.617513 Text en Copyright © 2020 Soto-Perez, Baumgartner and Kanadia. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Soto-Perez, Jaseph Baumgartner, Marybeth Kanadia, Rahul N. Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex |
title | Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex |
title_full | Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex |
title_fullStr | Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex |
title_short | Role of NDE1 in the Development and Evolution of the Gyrified Cortex |
title_sort | role of nde1 in the development and evolution of the gyrified cortex |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7775536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33390896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.617513 |
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