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Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index

Artificial sweetener consumption by pregnant women has been associated with an increased risk of infant obesity, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to determine if maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) during pregnancy is associated with modifications of inf...

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Autores principales: Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle, Becker, Allan B., Mandhane, Piushkumar J., Turvey, Stuart E., Moraes, Theo J., Sears, Malcolm R., Subbarao, Padmaja, Sycuro, Laura K., Azad, Meghan B., Arrieta, Marie-Claire
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7781635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33382954
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1857513
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author Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle
Becker, Allan B.
Mandhane, Piushkumar J.
Turvey, Stuart E.
Moraes, Theo J.
Sears, Malcolm R.
Subbarao, Padmaja
Sycuro, Laura K.
Azad, Meghan B.
Arrieta, Marie-Claire
author_facet Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle
Becker, Allan B.
Mandhane, Piushkumar J.
Turvey, Stuart E.
Moraes, Theo J.
Sears, Malcolm R.
Subbarao, Padmaja
Sycuro, Laura K.
Azad, Meghan B.
Arrieta, Marie-Claire
author_sort Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle
collection PubMed
description Artificial sweetener consumption by pregnant women has been associated with an increased risk of infant obesity, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to determine if maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) during pregnancy is associated with modifications of infant gut bacterial community composition and function during the first year of life, and whether these alterations are linked with infant body mass index (BMI) at one year of age. We studied 100 infants from the prospective Canadian CHILD Cohort Study, selected based on maternal ASB consumption during pregnancy (50 non-consumers and 50 daily consumers). BMI was higher among ASB-exposed infants. Infant stool (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and urine (untargeted metabolomics) were acquired in early (3–4 months) and late (12 months) infancy. We identified four microbiome clusters, of which two recapitulated the maturation trajectory of the infant gut bacterial communities from immature (Cluster 1) to mature (Cluster 4) and two deviated from this trajectory (Clusters 2 and 3). Maternal ASB consumption did not differ between clusters, but was associated with community-level shifts in infant gut bacterial taxonomy structure and depletion of several Bacteroides sp. in Cluster 2. In the complete dataset, urine succinate and spermidine levels at 3 months were higher in ASB-exposed infants, and urine succinate was positively associated with BMI at one-year-old. Overall, gestational exposure to ASB was associated with gut microbiota structure in infants from Cluster 2, and gut microbiota structure was associated with infant BMI. Gestational exposure to ASB was positively associated with infant urine succinate and spermidine. Succinate was found to mediate 29% of the effect of ASB exposure on BMI at one-year-old, revealing a potential role of this metabolite in increased infant weight linked to gestational ASB consumption. As we face an unprecedented rise in childhood obesity, future studies should evaluate the causal relationships between maternal ASB consumption (a modifiable exposure), gut microbiota and metabolites, infant metabolism, and body composition.
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spelling pubmed-77816352021-01-13 Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle Becker, Allan B. Mandhane, Piushkumar J. Turvey, Stuart E. Moraes, Theo J. Sears, Malcolm R. Subbarao, Padmaja Sycuro, Laura K. Azad, Meghan B. Arrieta, Marie-Claire Gut Microbes Research Paper Artificial sweetener consumption by pregnant women has been associated with an increased risk of infant obesity, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We aimed to determine if maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) during pregnancy is associated with modifications of infant gut bacterial community composition and function during the first year of life, and whether these alterations are linked with infant body mass index (BMI) at one year of age. We studied 100 infants from the prospective Canadian CHILD Cohort Study, selected based on maternal ASB consumption during pregnancy (50 non-consumers and 50 daily consumers). BMI was higher among ASB-exposed infants. Infant stool (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and urine (untargeted metabolomics) were acquired in early (3–4 months) and late (12 months) infancy. We identified four microbiome clusters, of which two recapitulated the maturation trajectory of the infant gut bacterial communities from immature (Cluster 1) to mature (Cluster 4) and two deviated from this trajectory (Clusters 2 and 3). Maternal ASB consumption did not differ between clusters, but was associated with community-level shifts in infant gut bacterial taxonomy structure and depletion of several Bacteroides sp. in Cluster 2. In the complete dataset, urine succinate and spermidine levels at 3 months were higher in ASB-exposed infants, and urine succinate was positively associated with BMI at one-year-old. Overall, gestational exposure to ASB was associated with gut microbiota structure in infants from Cluster 2, and gut microbiota structure was associated with infant BMI. Gestational exposure to ASB was positively associated with infant urine succinate and spermidine. Succinate was found to mediate 29% of the effect of ASB exposure on BMI at one-year-old, revealing a potential role of this metabolite in increased infant weight linked to gestational ASB consumption. As we face an unprecedented rise in childhood obesity, future studies should evaluate the causal relationships between maternal ASB consumption (a modifiable exposure), gut microbiota and metabolites, infant metabolism, and body composition. Taylor & Francis 2020-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7781635/ /pubmed/33382954 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1857513 Text en © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Laforest-Lapointe, Isabelle
Becker, Allan B.
Mandhane, Piushkumar J.
Turvey, Stuart E.
Moraes, Theo J.
Sears, Malcolm R.
Subbarao, Padmaja
Sycuro, Laura K.
Azad, Meghan B.
Arrieta, Marie-Claire
Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
title Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
title_full Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
title_fullStr Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
title_full_unstemmed Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
title_short Maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
title_sort maternal consumption of artificially sweetened beverages during pregnancy is associated with infant gut microbiota and metabolic modifications and increased infant body mass index
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7781635/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33382954
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1857513
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