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Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence

Objective: ADHD is related to decision-making deficits in real-life (e.g., substance abuse) and on experimental tasks (increased preference for risky options). In most tasks, risk and expected value are confounded (risky options have lowest expected value), making it impossible to disentangle risky...

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Autores principales: Dekkers, Tycho J., Agelink van Rentergem, Joost A., Huizenga, Hilde M., Raber, Hamutal, Shoham, Rachel, Popma, Arne, Pollak, Yehuda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7783692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30520666
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718815572
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author Dekkers, Tycho J.
Agelink van Rentergem, Joost A.
Huizenga, Hilde M.
Raber, Hamutal
Shoham, Rachel
Popma, Arne
Pollak, Yehuda
author_facet Dekkers, Tycho J.
Agelink van Rentergem, Joost A.
Huizenga, Hilde M.
Raber, Hamutal
Shoham, Rachel
Popma, Arne
Pollak, Yehuda
author_sort Dekkers, Tycho J.
collection PubMed
description Objective: ADHD is related to decision-making deficits in real-life (e.g., substance abuse) and on experimental tasks (increased preference for risky options). In most tasks, risk and expected value are confounded (risky options have lowest expected value), making it impossible to disentangle risky from suboptimal (i.e., not choosing highest expected value) decision-making. We differentiated between risky and suboptimal decision-making in ADHD in two studies. Method and Results: First, on a multilevel meta-regression analysis (k = 48, n_ADHD = 1,144, n_Control = 1,108), ADHD and controls differed if the risky option was suboptimal (ADHD choosing more risky/suboptimal), whereas groups performed similar if the risky option was not suboptimal. Second, an empirical study showed that adults with ADHD (n = 40) made more suboptimal, but not more risky choices than controls (n = 40). Conclusion: These results contribute to a growing body of evidence that decision-making deficits in ADHD are driven by suboptimal decision-making and not by risk seeking.
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spelling pubmed-77836922021-01-21 Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence Dekkers, Tycho J. Agelink van Rentergem, Joost A. Huizenga, Hilde M. Raber, Hamutal Shoham, Rachel Popma, Arne Pollak, Yehuda J Atten Disord Articles Objective: ADHD is related to decision-making deficits in real-life (e.g., substance abuse) and on experimental tasks (increased preference for risky options). In most tasks, risk and expected value are confounded (risky options have lowest expected value), making it impossible to disentangle risky from suboptimal (i.e., not choosing highest expected value) decision-making. We differentiated between risky and suboptimal decision-making in ADHD in two studies. Method and Results: First, on a multilevel meta-regression analysis (k = 48, n_ADHD = 1,144, n_Control = 1,108), ADHD and controls differed if the risky option was suboptimal (ADHD choosing more risky/suboptimal), whereas groups performed similar if the risky option was not suboptimal. Second, an empirical study showed that adults with ADHD (n = 40) made more suboptimal, but not more risky choices than controls (n = 40). Conclusion: These results contribute to a growing body of evidence that decision-making deficits in ADHD are driven by suboptimal decision-making and not by risk seeking. SAGE Publications 2018-12-06 2021-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7783692/ /pubmed/30520666 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718815572 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Articles
Dekkers, Tycho J.
Agelink van Rentergem, Joost A.
Huizenga, Hilde M.
Raber, Hamutal
Shoham, Rachel
Popma, Arne
Pollak, Yehuda
Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence
title Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence
title_full Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence
title_fullStr Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence
title_full_unstemmed Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence
title_short Decision-Making Deficits in ADHD Are Not Related to Risk Seeking But to Suboptimal Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical and Novel Experimental Evidence
title_sort decision-making deficits in adhd are not related to risk seeking but to suboptimal decision-making: meta-analytical and novel experimental evidence
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7783692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30520666
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718815572
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